KEOPS

Type	Série de campagnes océanographiques
Dates	12/01/2005 - 13/03/2013
Chef(s) de mission	BLAIN Stéphane , QUEGUINER Bernard , SCOUARNEC Lionel , GUENEUGUES Audrey
Chef de projet	BLAIN Stéphane
DOI	10.18142/253
Objectif	Le projet KEOPS avait pour objectifs principaux : L'étude de la fertilisation naturelle des eaux de surface du plateau de Kerguelen. L'identification du mécanisme de fertilisation et l'études des impacts sur la structure de l'écosystème et les cycles biogéochimiques. Localisation du site d'étude : les îles Kerguelen dans le secteur indien de l'Océan Austral. Image satellite : en rouge les zones riches en chlorophylle (Blain et al. 2007).

Contexte scientifique et programmatique des campagnes

L'assimilation du CO₂ atmosphérique par l'océan est réalisée pour une part par un processus majeur dans le contrôle du climat de la planète appelé pompe biologique. Les organismes photosynthétiques présents dans la couche éclairée de l'océan transforme le CO₂ en carbone organique particulaire (photosynthèse) dont une petite portion est transporté vers les couches profondes de l'océan et les sédiments (exportation). La pompe biologique ne fonctionne pas à pleine efficacité dans de vaste région de l'océan appelée zones HNLC parmi lesquelles figurent l'océan austral. Au début des années 90, il a été postulé que cette inefficacité pouvait être due à une carence en fer du phytoplancton. Des expériences de fertilisation artificielle de l'océan menées sur de petites échelles (100 km²) ont démontrées que l'ajout de fer augmentait l'activité biologique dans la couche surface. Toutefois ces expériences n'ont pas démontrées clairement que l'exportation de carbone, et donc la pompe biologique, augmentaient.

Cependant de nombreuses inconnues subsistent encore dans la compréhension des mécanismes mis en ?uvre, rendant difficile la prévision de l'effet d'une fertilisation en fer de l'océan austral sur les cycles biogéochimiques du carbone et d'autres éléments, ainsi que sur le réseau trophique. C'est à ces questions que s'attaquent les scientifiques du projet KEOPS. La stratégie utilisée est : observer le système naturellement fertiliser autour du plateau des îles Kerguelen.

Les résultats devraient permettre de mieux prévoir qu'elles pourraient être les conséquences sur l'écosystème et sur les flux de carbone d'une fertilisation de cet océan, qu'elle soit naturelle ou artificielle (géo ingénierie).

Soutiens : INSU/CNRS programme LEFE CYBER, ANR Programme blanc, IPEV.

Partenaires : INSU/CNRS, Universités (Paris 06, Brest, Bordeaux, Lille, Toulouse, Marseille), IPEV, The Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC) Hobart (Australie), Université de Macquarie, Sydney (Australie), Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgique), Université de Conception (Chili), National Oceanographic Center Southampton (Royaume Uni), Duke university (USA), Boston university (USA), Korean Insitute of Ocean Science and Technology (KORDI, Corée du sud).

Laboratoires français impliqués : Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne LOMIC (Banyuls sur mer), Institut Méditerranéen d'Océanologie MIO¹ (Marseille), Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche sur mer LOV (Villefranche sur mer), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et Géochimie LOG (Wimereux), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin LEMAR (Brest), Laboratoire d'océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentation et Approches Numériques LOCEAN (Paris), Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales LEGOS (Toulouse), Laboratoire Environnement et Paléoenvironnement Océaniques EPOC (Bordeaux).

[¹issu pro parte de la fusion de l'ex Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et de Biogéochimie (LOPB) et de l'ex Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Géochimimie Marine (LMGEM), partenaires initiaux du projet.]

Résultats majeurs

1. KEOPS (2005)

Les distributions verticales en concentrations en fer dissous ont clairement fait apparaître une source de fer au-dessus du plateau (Figure 1). Toutefois, cette source se trouve en profondeur. Divers mécanismes physiques ont été identifiés (e.g. mélange vertical turbulent accentué sur le plateau) qui permettent d'alimenter constamment en fer le phytoplancton se trouvant dans la couche de surface. Ceci confirme la fertilisation naturelle des eaux de surface du plateau de Kerguelen. L'utilisation de traceurs géochimiques dissous et particulaires a permis de mettre en évidence un transport probable depuis les zones moins profondes proches des îles notamment l'île de Heard qui maintiendrait cette ressource.

Figure 1 : Profils des concentrations en fer dissous sur le plateau (ronds blancs et noirs) et dans la zone HNLC (triangles noirs).

Les mesures de CO₂ dans l'eau de surface (collaboration avec le programme OISO) ont montrée que la région du bloom était un large puit de CO₂. La majorité du carbone étant fixé par des diatomées formant de longues chaînes. Eucampia antarctica (Figure 2) était parmi les espèces dominantes, dans les eaux de surfaces mais aussi dans la couche de sédiment superficielle, indiquant que cette espèce participait certainement à l'exportation de carbone.

Figure 3 : Chaîne de Eucampia antarctica prélevé dans les eaux du plateau de Kerguelen (L. Armand 2008).

Pendant KEOPS, l'estimation de l'export de carbone a été réalisée par différentes approches. Sur la base de ces mesures il a été possible de montrer que la fertilisation induisait effectivement une augmentation de l'export de carbone. L'efficacité de la fertilisation, définie comme le rapport entre l'excès d'exportation de carbone et l'excès d'apport en fer entre la zone fertilisée et la zone HNLC montre que la fertilisation naturelle en fer de l'océan austral est 10 à 100 fois plus efficace que la fertilisation artificielle. Cette large différence est probablement attribuable à des différences dans le mode de fertilisation.

Les résultats de KEOPS sont particulièrement pertinents dans le contexte paléoclimatologique ; une augmentation des apports en fer par l'upwelling antarctique aurait pu fertiliser cet océan pendant les périodes glaciaires contribuant à réduire le CO₂ atmosphérique. En revanche, compte tenu des différences dans le mode de fertilisation, les résultats de KEOPS ne s'appliquent pas à une fertilisation par d'éventuels apports atmosphériques de fer. Pour la même raison, les résultats de KEOPS ne peuvent servir d'arguments pour soutenir les procédés de géo-ingénierie climatiques visant à réduire le CO₂ atmosphérique par la fertilisation à grande échelle de l'océan.

À coté de ce résultat majeur, KEOPS a permis de révéler d'importantes caractéristiques du bloom résultant de la fertilisation, comme par exemple :

Un découplage très fort entre les cycles de l'azote et du silicium.
Une production modeste de DMS (gaz d'importance climatique) contrairement a ce qui avait été observé dans les fertilisations artificielles.
L'observation d'une communauté bactérienne très active en parallèle de la classique chaîne diatomées-copépodes avec d'importantes conséquence pour la reminéralisation du carbone et d'autres éléments chimiques.

KEOPS a démontré que le concept de laboratoire naturel pouvait être une stratégie productive pour l'étude de la fertilisation dans l'Océan Austral où de nombreuses questions restent encore non résolues.

2. KEOPS 2 (2011)

La stratégie à la mer de KEOPS2 a été définie en quasi temps réel durant les premiers jours de la campagne sur la base de produits satellitaires (altimétrie et couleur de l'eau) spécialement élaborés pour KEOPS2 (CLS, CNES). Cette stratégie a ensuite été affinée en fonctions des observations in situ réalisées à bord du Marion Dufresne (e.g. mesures ADCP, profils CTD, largages de 50 flotteurs dérivants (cf. Figure 3). L'ensemble de ces mesures a permis de produire une première cartographie de la dynamique de la zone en lien avec la distribution de la chlorophylle (cf. Figure 4) et de placer au mieux les stations d'échantillonnage.

C'est dans ce cadre qu'on été mis en ?uvre l'ensemble des opérations à la mer requises par l'approche pluridisciplinaire de KEOPS2. Au total, 359 opérations ont été menées, réparties sur 36 sites différents. Ces opérations comprennent :

120 profils CTD-rosette (mesures in situ et échantillonnage de la colonne d'eau),
30 profils de rosette propre (échantillonnage des métaux trace e.g. fer),
42 filets à zooplancton (bongo),
27 filets à phytoplancton,
9 filets "MULTINET",
16 profils de "TURBOMAP" (mesure de la turbulence),
15 déploiement de pompe in situ (collecte des particules),
7 carottages multitubes (collecte du sédiment superficiel),
12 déploiements de mouillages dérivants,
2 déploiements de mouillage fixes qui seront récupérés début 2013.

Les échantillons ont été soit analysés à bord, soit conditionnés pour des mesures en laboratoire. Les résultats préliminaires (Figures 5, 6) ainsi que la qualité et quantité d'échantillons récoltés vont sans aucun doute faire progresser la compréhension du fonctionnement de la pompe biologique dans l'océan austral notamment dans le contexte de la fertilisation en fer de l'océan.

Figure 3 : Trajectoires de flotteurs dérivants lancés en début de campagne (flotteurs NOAA, M. Zhou).

Figure 4 : Stations KEOPS2 (carrés blancs) superposées sur la distribution de chlorophylle observée par satellite (produit CLS).

Figure 5 : Mise en évidence de l'incorporation de silicium chez une diatomée (photo K. Leblanc).

Figure 6 : Chaines de diatomées observées en microscopie optique pendant la campagne (photo L. Armand).

Données acquises et analyses effectuées en mer et à terre

Données publiées

Quéroué F, Sarthou G, Planquette H. F., Bucciarelli E, Chever F, Van Der Merwe P, Lannuzel D, Townsend A. T., Cheize M., Blain S, D'Ovidio F, Bowie A. R. (2015). High variability in dissolved iron concentrations in the vicinity of the Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean). https://doi.org/10.17882/40729

Bibliographie

Publications

Frings Patrick J., Panizzo Virginia N., Sutton Jill, Ehlert Claudia (2024). Diatom silicon isotope ratios in Quaternary research: Where do we stand? Quaternary Science Reviews, 344, 108966 (21p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108966 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00908/102033/

West Nyree J., Landa Marine, Obernosterer Ingrid (2024). Differential association of key bacterial groups with diatoms and Phaeocystis spp. during spring blooms in the Southern Ocean. Microbiologyopen, 13(4), e1428 (32p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.1428 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00904/101624/

Deteix Valentin, Cotard Edwin, Caquineau Sandrine, Landing William M., Planchon Frederic, Ryan-Keogh Thomas, Cardinal Damien (2024). Biogenic and lithogenic silicon along the GEOTRACES south West Indian Ocean section (SWINGS-GS02) and the islands mass effect on regional Si biogeochemical cycle. Marine Chemistry, 263-264, 104412 (16p.). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2024.104412

Laget Manon, Drago Laetitia, Panaïotis Thelma, Kiko Rainer, Stemmann Lars, Rogge Andreas, Llopis-Monferrer Natalia, Leynaert Aude, Irisson Jean-Olivier, Biard Tristan (2024). Global census of the significance of giant mesopelagic protists to the marine carbon and silicon cycles. Nature Communications, 15(1), 3341 (11p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47651-4 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00888/100027/

Zhang Rui, Debeljak Pavla, Blain Stéphane, Obernosterer Ingrid (2023). Seasonal shifts in Fe-acquisition strategies in Southern Ocean microbial communities revealed by metagenomics and autonomous sampling. Environmental Microbiology, 25(10), 1816-1829. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16397 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00836/94758/

Liao Wen-Hsuan, Planquette Helene, Moriceau Brivaela, Lambert Christophe, Desprez De Gesincourt Floriane, Laurenceau-Cornec Emmanuel, Sarthou Geraldine, Gorgues Thomas (2023). The effect of temperature on the release of silicon, iron and manganese into seawater from resuspended sediment particles. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 351, 1-13. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2023.04.014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00835/94671/

Bonnet Sophie, Guieu Cécile, Taillandier Vincent, Boulart Cedric, Bouruet-Aubertot Pascale, Gazeau Frédéric, Scalabrin Carla , Bressac Matthieu, Knapp Angela N., Cuypers Yannis, González-Santana David, Forrer Heather J., Grisoni Jean-Michel, Grosso Olivier, Habasque Jeremie, Jardin-Camps Mercedes, Leblond Nathalie, Le Moigne Frédéric A. C., Lebourges-Dhaussy Anne, Lory Caroline, Nunige Sandra, Pulido-Villena Elvira, Rizzo Andrea L., Sarthou Geraldine, Tilliette Chloé (2023). Natural iron fertilization by shallow hydrothermal sources fuels diazotroph blooms in the ocean. Science, 380(6647), 812-817. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abq4654 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00839/95132/

Panaïotis Thelma, Babin Marcel, Biard Tristan, Carlotti François, Coppola Laurent, Guidi Lionel, Hauss Helena, Karp‐boss Lee, Kiko Rainer, Lombard Fabien, McDonnell Andrew M. P., Picheral Marc, Rogge Andreas, Waite Anya M., Stemmann Lars, Irisson Jean‐olivier (2023). Three major mesoplanktonic communities resolved by in situ imaging in the upper 500 m of the global ocean. Global Ecology And Biogeography, 32(11), 1991-2005. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13741 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00849/96097/

Laurenceau-Cornec Emmanuel C., Mongin Mathieu, Trull Thoams W., Bressac Matthieu, Cavan Emma L., Bach Lennart T., Le Moigne Frédéric A.C., Planchon Frédéric, Boyd Philip W. (2023). Concepts Toward a Global Mechanistic Mapping of Ocean Carbon Export. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 37(9), e2023GB007742 (18p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GB007742 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00851/96250/

Hallegraeff Gustaaf, Leblanc Karine (2023). New observations on the Antarctic Asteromphalus darwinii/ hookeri diatom species-complex (Asterolampraceae). Polar Biology, 46(8), 759-772. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03160-6 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00799/91140/

Grenier M., Van Beek P., Lerner P., Sanial V., Souhaut M., Marchal O., Reyss J.L. (2023). New insights on the 7Be cycle in the ocean. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 194, 103967 (14p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2023.103967 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00816/92775/

Cotté Cedric, Ariza A., Berne Adrien, Habasque Jeremie, Lebourges-Dhaussy Anne, Roudaut Gildas, Espinasse B., Hunt B.P.V., Pakhomov E.A., Henschke N., Péron C., Conchon A., Koedooder C., Izard L., Cherel Y. (2022). Macrozooplankton and micronekton diversity and associated carbon vertical patterns and fluxes under distinct productive conditions around the Kerguelen Islands. Journal Of Marine Systems, 226, 103650 (18p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2021.103650 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00729/84089/

Dinasquet Julie, Landa Marine, Obernosterer I. Ingrid (2022). SAR11 clade microdiversity and activity during the early spring blooms off Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 14(6), 907-916. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13117 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00789/90119/

Irion Solène, Christaki Urania, Berthelot Hugo, L’helguen Stéphane, Jardillier Ludwig (2021). Small phytoplankton contribute greatly to CO2-fixation after the diatom bloom in the Southern Ocean. Isme Journal, 15(9), 2509-2522. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00915-z , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00684/79595/

Jacquet Stéphanie Hm, Lefèvre Dominique, Tamburini Christian, Garel Marc, Le Moigne Frédéric Ac, Bhairy Nagib, Guasco Sophie (2021). On the barium–oxygen consumption relationship in the Mediterranean Sea: implications for mesopelagic marine snow remineralization. Biogeosciences, 18(6), 2205-2212. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2205-2021 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00648/76038/

Christaki Urania, Gueneugues Audrey, Liu Yan, Blain Stéphane, Catala Philippe, Colombet Jonathan, Debeljak Pavla, Jardillier Ludwig, Irion Solène, Planchon Frederic, Sassenhagen Ingrid, Sime Ngando Telesphore, Obernosterer Ingrid (2021). Seasonal microbial food web dynamics in contrasting Southern Ocean productivity regimes. Limnology And Oceanography, 66(1), 108-122. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11591 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00649/76109/

Christaki Urania, Skouroliakou Ioli-Dimitra, Delegrange Alice, Irion Solène, Courcot Lucie, Jardillier Ludwig, Sassenhagen Ingrid (2021). Microzooplankton diversity and potential role in carbon cycling of contrasting Southern Ocean productivity regimes. Journal Of Marine Systems, 219, 103531 (16p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2021.103531 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00689/80068/

Hörstmann Cora, Raes Eric J, Buttigieg Pier Luigi, Lo Monaco Claire, John Uwe, Waite Anya M (2021). Hydrographic fronts shape productivity, nitrogen fixation, and microbial community composition in the South Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 18, 3733-3749. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-52 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00685/79672/

Lafond Augustin, Leblanc Karine, Legras Justine, Cornet Véronique, Quéguiner Bernard (2020). The structure of diatom communities constrains biogeochemical properties in surface waters of the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen Plateau). Journal Of Marine Systems, 212, 103458 (22p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103458 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00654/76599/

Irion Solène, Jardillier Ludwig, Sassenhagen Ingrid, Christaki Urania (2020). Marked spatiotemporal variations in small phytoplankton structure in contrasted waters of the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen area). Limnology And Oceanography, 65(11), 2835-2852. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11555 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00635/74746/

Sassenhagen Ingrid, Irion Solène, Jardillier Ludwig, Moreira David, Christaki Urania (2020). Protist Interactions and Community Structure During Early Autumn in the Kerguelen region (Southern Ocean). Protist, 171(1), 125709 (25p.). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2019.125709

Liu Yan, Blain Stéphane, Crispi Olivier, Rembauville Mathieu, Obernosterer Ingrid (2020). Seasonal dynamics of prokaryotes and their associations with diatoms in the Southern Ocean as revealed by an autonomous sampler. Environmental Microbiology, 22(9), 3968-3984. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.15184 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75475/

Cheize Marie, Planquette H.F., Fitzsimmons J.N., Pelleter Ewan , Sherrell R.M., Lambert Christophe, Bucciarelli E., Sarthou G., Le Goff Marion, Liorzou Celine, Chéron Sandrine, Viollier E., Gayet Nicolas (2019). Contribution of resuspended sedimentary particles to dissolved iron and manganese in the ocean: An experimental study. Chemical Geology, 511, 389-415. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.10.003 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00460/57197/

Tripathy S. C., Jena B. (2019). Iron-Stimulated Phytoplankton Blooms in the Southern Ocean: a Brief Review. Remote Sensing in Earth Systems Sciences, 2(1), 64-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41976-019-00012-y

Debeljak Pavla, Toulza Eve, Beier Sara, Blain Stephane, Obernosterer Ingrid (2019). Microbial iron metabolism as revealed by gene expression profiles in contrasted Southern Ocean regimes. Environmental Microbiology, 21(7), 2360-2374. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14621 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00488/59921/

Grenier Melanie, Garcia-Solsona Ester, Lemaitre Nolwenn, Trull Thomas W., Bouvier Vincent, Nonnotte Philippe, Van Beek Pieter, Souhaut Marc, Lacan Francois, Jeandel Catherine (2018). Differentiating Lithogenic Supplies, Water Mass Transport, and Biological Processes On and Off the Kerguelen Plateau Using Rare Earth Element Concentrations and Neodymium Isotopic Compositions. Frontiers In Marine Science, 5(426), 28p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00426 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00616/72764/

Caffin Mathieu, Moutin Thierry, Foster Rachel Ann, Bouruet-Aubertot Pascale, Doglioli Andrea Michelangelo, Berthelot Hugo, Guieu Cecile, Grosso Olivier, Helias-Nunige Sandra, Leblond Nathalie, Gimenez Audrey, Petrenko Anne Alexandra, de Verneil Alain, Bonnet Sophie (2018). N2 fixation as a dominant new N source in the western tropical South Pacific Ocean (OUTPACE cruise). Biogeosciences, 15(8), 2565-2585. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2565-2018 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00439/55074/

Rousselet Louise, de Verneil Alain, Doglioli Andrea M., Petrenko Anne A., Duhamel Solange, Maes Christophe, Blanke Bruno (2018). Large to submesoscale surface circulation and its implications on biogeochemical/biological horizontal distributions during the OUTPACE cruise (SouthWest Pacific). Biogeosciences, 15(8), 2411-2431. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2411-2018 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00420/53119/

Petrenko Anne A., Doglioli Andrea M., Nencioli Francesco, Kersale Marion, Hu Ziyuan, D'Ovidio Francesco (2017). A review of the LATEX project: mesoscale to submesoscale processes in a coastal environment. Ocean Dynamics, 67(3-4), 513-533. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-017-1040-9 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00472/58351/

Lasbleiz Marine, Leblanc Karine, Armand Leanne K., Christaki Urania, Georges Clement, Obernosterer Ingrid, Queguiner Bernard (2016). Composition of diatom communities and their contribution to plankton biomass in the naturally iron fertilized region of Kerguelen in the Southern Ocean. Fems Microbiology Ecology, 92(11), fix171 (1-6). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw171 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00347/45850/

Lemaitre N., Planquette H., Dehairs F., Van Der Merwe P., Bowie A. R., Trull T. W., Laurenceau-Cornec E. C., Davies D., Bollinger C., Le Goff Marion, Grossteffan E., Planchon F. (2016). Impact of the natural Fe-fertilization on the magnitude, stoichiometry and efficiency of particulate biogenic silica, nitrogen and iron export fluxes. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 117, 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.09.002

Landa Marine, Blain Stephane, Christaki Urania, Monchy Sebastien, Obernosterer Ingrid (2016). Shifts in bacterial community composition associated with increased carbon cycling in a mosaic of phytoplankton blooms. Isme Journal, 10(1), 39-50. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.105 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53293/

Closset Ivia, Cardinal Damien, Rembauville Mathieu, Thil Francois, Blain Stephane (2016). Unveiling the Si cycle using isotopes in an iron fertilized zone of the Southern Ocean: from mixed layer supply to export. Biogeosciences, 13(21), 6049-6066. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-6049-2016 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00344/45528/

Rembauville M., Meilland J., Ziveri P., Schiebel R., Blain S., Salter I. (2016). Planktic foraminifer and coccolith contribution to carbonate export fluxes over the central Kerguelen Plateau. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 111, 91-101. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.02.017 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53249/

Fripiat F., Elskens M., Trull T. W., Blain S., Cavagna A. -J., Fernandez C., Fonseca-Batista D., Planchon F., Raimbault P., Roukaerts A., Dehairs F. (2015). Significant mixed layer nitrification in a natural iron-fertilized bloom of the Southern Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 29(11), 1929-1943. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB005051 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40704/

Christaki Urania, Georges Clement, Genitsaris Savvas, Monchy Sebastien (2015). Microzooplankton community associated with phytoplankton blooms in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean). Fems Microbiology Ecology, 91(7), fiv068 (1-15). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiv068 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00351/46255/

Rembauville M., Blain S., Armand L., Queguiner B., Salter I. (2015). Export fluxes in a naturally iron-fertilized area of the Southern Ocean - Part 2: Importance of diatom resting spores and faecal pellets for export. Biogeosciences, 12(11), 3171-3195. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3171-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40579/

Rembauville M., Salter I., Leblond N., Gueneugues A., Blain S. (2015). Export fluxes in a naturally iron-fertilized area of the Southern Ocean - Part 1: Seasonal dynamics of particulate organic carbon export from a moored sediment trap. Biogeosciences, 12(11), 3153-3170. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3153-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40578/

Fourquez M., Obernosterer I., Davies D. M., Trull T. W., Blain S. (2015). Microbial iron uptake in the naturally fertilized waters in the vicinity of the Kerguelen Islands: phytoplankton-bacteria interactions. Biogeosciences, 12(6), 1893-1906. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1893-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40598/

Jacquet Shm, Dehairs F., Lefevre D., Cavagna A. J., Planchon F., Christaki U., Monin L., Andre L., Closset I., Cardinal D. (2015). Early spring mesopelagic carbon remineralization and transfer efficiency in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area. Biogeosciences, 12(6), 1713-1731. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1713-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00260/37140/

Dehairs F., Fripiat F., Cavagna A. -J., Trull T.W., Fernandez C., Davies D., Roukaerts A., Fonseca Batista D., Planchon F., Elskens M. (2015). Nitrogen cycling in the Southern Ocean Kerguelen Plateau area: evidence for significant surface nitrification from nitrate isotopic compositions. Biogeosciences, 12(5), 1459-1482. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1459-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00260/37085/

Laurenceau-Cornec E.C., Trull T.W., Davies D.M., Bray S.G., Doran J., Planchon F., Carlotti F., Jouandet M.P., Cavagna A.J., Waite A.M., Blain S. (2015). The relative importance of phytoplankton aggregates and zooplankton fecal pellets to carbon export: insights from free-drifting sediment trap deployments in naturally iron-fertilised waters near the Kerguelen Plateau. Biogeosciences, 12(4), 1007-1027. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1007-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00255/36641/

Sauzede R., Claustre H., Jamet C., Uitz J., Ras J., Mignot A., D'Ortenzio F. (2015). Retrieving the vertical distribution of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community composition from in situ fluorescence profiles: A method based on a neural network with potential for global-scale applications. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 120(1), 451-470. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010355 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00465/57695/

Bowie A. R., Van Der Merwe P., Queroue Fabien, Trull Thomas, Fourquez M., Planchon F., Sarthou Geraldine, Chever Fanny, Townsend A. T., Obernosterer I., Sallee Jean-Baptiste, Blain S. (2015). Iron budgets for three distinct biogeochemical sites around the Kerguelen Archipelago (Southern Ocean) during the natural fertilisation study, KEOPS-2. Biogeosciences, 12(14), 4421-4445. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4421-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00276/38726/

Farias L., Florez-Leiva L., Besoain V., Sarthou G., Fernandez Camino (2015). Dissolved greenhouse gases (nitrous oxide and methane) associated with the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen region (KEOPS 2 cruise) in the Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 12(6), 1925-1940. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1925-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00260/37141/

Cavagna A. J., Fripiat F., Elskens M., Mangion P., Chirurgien L., Closset I., Lasbleiz M., Florez-Leiva L., Cardinal D., Leblanc K., Fernandez C., Lefevre D., Oriol L., Blain S., Queguiner B., Dehairs F. (2015). Production regime and associated N cycling in the vicinity of Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 12(21), 6515-6528. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6515-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00294/40561/

Merlivat L., Boutin J., D'Ovidio F. (2015). Carbon, oxygen and biological productivity in the Southern Ocean in and out the Kerguelen plume: CARIOCA drifter results. Biogeosciences, 12(11), 3513-3524. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3513-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40254/

Queroue Fabien, Sarthou Geraldine, Planquette Helene, Bucciarelli Eva, Chever Fanny, Van Der Merwe P., Lannuzel Delphine, Townsend A. T., Cheize Marie, Blain S., D'Ovidio F., Bowie A. R. (2015). High variability in dissolved iron concentrations in the vicinity of the Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean). Biogeosciences, 12(12), 3869-3883. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3869-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00274/38482/

Beier Sara, Galvez Maria J., Molina Veronica, Sarthou Geraldine, Queroue Fabien, Blain Stephane, Obernosterer Ingrid (2015). The transcriptional regulation of the glyoxylate cycle in SAR11 in response to iron fertilization in the Southern Ocean. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 7(3), 427-434. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12267

Vivier Frederic, Park Young-Hyang, Sekma Hela, Le Sommer Julien (2015). Variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport through the Fawn Trough, Kerguelen Plateau. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 114, 12-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.01.017

Sanial V., Van Beek P., Lansard B., Souhaut M., Kestenare E., D'Ovidio F., Zhou M., Blain S. (2015). Use of Ra isotopes to deduce rapid transfer of sediment-derived inputs off Kerguelen. Biogeosciences, 12(5), 1415-1430. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1415-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40256/

Obernosterer I., Fourquez M., Blain S. (2015). Fe and C co-limitation of heterotrophic bacteria in the naturally fertilized region off the Kerguelen Islands. Biogeosciences, 12(6), 1983-1992. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1983-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40255/

Van Der Merwe P., Bowie A. R., Queroue F., Armand L., Blain S., Chever Fanny, Davies D., Dehairs F., Planchon F., Sarthou G., Townsend A. T., Trull T. W. (2015). Sourcing the iron in the naturally fertilised bloom around the Kerguelen Plateau: particulate trace metal dynamics. Biogeosciences, 12(3), 739-755. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-739-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00256/36676/

Laurenceau-Cornec Emmanuel C., Trull Thomas W., Davies Diana M., de La Rocha Christina L., Blain Stephane (2015). Phytoplankton morphology controls on marine snow sinking velocity. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 520, 35-56. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11116 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00352/46275/

Blain S., Capparos J., Gueneugues A., Obernosterer I., Oriol L. (2015). Distributions and stoichiometry of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in the iron-fertilized region near Kerguelen (Southern Ocean). Biogeosciences, 12(2), 623-635. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-623-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00292/40343/

Trull Thomas, Davies Diana M., Dehairs Frank, Cavagna Anne-Julie, Lasbleiz Marine, Laurenceau Cornec Emmanuel C., D'Ovidio Francesco, Planchon Frederic, Leblanc Karine, Queguiner Bernard, Blain Stephane (2015). Chemometric perspectives on plankton community responses to natural iron fertilisation over and downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 12(4), 1029-1056. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1029-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00255/36642/

Carlotti F., Jouandet M. -P., Nowaczyk A., Harmelin-Vivien M., Lefevre D., Richard P., Zhu Y., Zhou M. (2015). Mesozooplankton structure and functioning during the onset of the Kerguelen phytoplankton bloom during the KEOPS2 survey. Biogeosciences, 12(14), 4543-4563. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4543-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40719/

D'Ovidio F., Della Penna A., Trull T. W., Nencioli F., Pujol M. -I., Rio M.-H, Park Y. -H., Cotte C., Zhou M., Blain S. (2015). The biogeochemical structuring role of horizontal stirring: Lagrangian perspectives on iron delivery downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau. Biogeosciences, 12(19), 5567-5581. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5567-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40722/

Grenier M., Della Penna A., Trull T. W. (2015). Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 12(9), 2707-2735. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40724/

Tremblay L., Caparros J., Leblanc K., Obernosterer I. (2015). Origin and fate of particulate and dissolved organic matter in a naturally iron-fertilized region of the Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 12(2), 607-621. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-607-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00352/46293/

Planchon F., Ballas Dionysios, Cavagna A. -J., Bowie A. R., Davies D., Trull Thomas, Laurenceau-Cornec E. C., Van Der Merwe P., Dehairs F. (2015). Carbon export in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area of the Southern Ocean based on the Th-234 approach. Biogeosciences, 12(12), 3831-3848. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3831-2015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00274/38481/

Merlivat L., Boutin J., Antoine D. (2015). Roles of biological and physical processes in driving seasonal air–sea CO2 flux in the Southern Ocean: New insights from CARIOCA pCO2. Journal Of Marine Systems, 147, 9-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.015

Lo Monaco C., Metzl N., D'Ovidio F., Llort J., Ridame C. (2014). Rapid establishment of the CO2 sink associated with Kerguelen's bloom observed during the KEOPS2/OISO20 cruise. Biogeosciences Discussions, 11(12), 17543-17578. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-17543-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40611/

Park Y. -H., Lee J. -H., Durand I., Hong C. -S. (2014). Validation of Thorpe-scale-derived vertical diffusivities against microstructure measurements in the Kerguelen region. Biogeosciences, 11(23), 6927-6937. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6927-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40210/

Malits A., Christaki U., Obernosterer I., Weinbauer M. G. (2014). Enhanced viral production and virus-mediated mortality of bacterioplankton in a natural iron-fertilized bloom event above the Kerguelen Plateau. Biogeosciences, 11(23), 6841-6853. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6841-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40209/

Christaki U., Lefevre D., Georges C., Colombet J., Catala P., Courties C., Sime-Ngando T., Blain S., Obernosterer I. (2014). Microbial food web dynamics during spring phytoplankton blooms in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean). Biogeosciences, 11(23), 6739-6753. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6739-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40208/

Lasbleiz M., Leblanc K., Blain S., Ras J., Cornet-Barthaux V., Nunige S. Helias, Queguiner B. (2014). Pigments, elemental composition (C, N, P, and Si), and stoichiometry of particulate matter in the naturally iron fertilized region of Kerguelen in the Southern Ocean. Biogeosciences, 11(20), 5931-5955. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5931-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40222/

Closset I., Lasbleiz M., Leblanc K., Queguiner B., Cavagna A. -J., Elskens M., Navez J., Cardinal D. (2014). Seasonal evolution of net and regenerated silica production around a natural Fe-fertilized area in the Southern Ocean estimated with Si isotopic approaches. Biogeosciences, 11(20), 5827-5846. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5827-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40220/

Georges C., Monchy S., Genitsaris S., Christaki U. (2014). Protist community composition during early phytoplankton blooms in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean). Biogeosciences, 11(20), 5847-5863. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5847-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40221/

Park Young-Hyang, Durand Isabelle, Kestenare Elodie, Rougier Gilles, Zhou Meng, D'Ovidio Francesco, Cotte Cedric, Lee Jae-Hak (2014). Polar Front around the Kerguelen Islands: An up-to-date determination and associated circulation of surface/subsurface waters. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 119(10), 6575-6592. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010061 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00244/35485/

Soppa Mariana A., Hirata Takafumi, Silva Brenner, Dinter Tilman, Peeken Ilka, Wiegmann Sonja, Bracher Astrid (2014). Global Retrieval of Diatom Abundance Based on Phytoplankton Pigments and Satellite Data. Remote Sensing, 6(10), 10089-10106. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61010089 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40075/

Assmy Philipp, Cisewski Boris, Henjes Joachim, Klaas Christine, Montresor Marina, Smetacek Victor (2014). Response of the protozooplankton assemblage during the European Iron Fertilization Experiment (EIFEX) in the Antarctic circumpolar current. Journal Of Plankton Research, 36(5), 1175-1189. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbu068 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40091/

Jouandet M. -P., Jackson G. A., Carlotti F., Picheral M., Stemmann L., Blain S. (2014). Rapid formation of large aggregates during the spring bloom of Kerguelen Island: observations and model comparisons. Biogeosciences, 11(16), 4393-4406. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4393-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40223/

Le Moigne Frederic A. C., Moore C. Mark, Sanders Richard J., Villa-Alfageme Maria, Steigenberger Sebastian, Achterberg Eric P. (2014). Sequestration efficiency in the iron-limited North Atlantic: Implications for iron supply mode to fertilized blooms. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(13), 4619-4627. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060308 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40112/

Ebersbach Friederike, Assmy Philipp, Martin Patrick, Schulz Isabelle, Wolzenburg Sina, Noethig Eva-Maria (2014). Particle flux characterisation and sedimentation patterns of protistan plankton during the iron fertilisation experiment LOHAFEX in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 89, 94-103. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2014.04.007 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40121/

Zhou M., Zhu Y., D'Ovidio F., Park Y.-H., Durand I., Kestenare E., Sanial V., Van-Beek P., Queguiner B., Carlotti F., Blain S. (2014). Surface currents and upwelling in Kerguelen Plateau regions. Biogeosciences Discussions, 11(5), 6845-6876. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-6845-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40621/

Queroue Fabien, Townsend Ashley, Van Der Merwe Pier, Lannuzel Delphine, Sarthou Geraldine, Bucciarelli Eva, Bowie Andrew (2014). Advances in the offline trace metal extraction of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb from open ocean seawater samples with determination by sector field ICP-MS analysis. Analytical Methods, 6(9), 2837-2847. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ay41312h

Gille S. T., Carranza M. M., Cambra R., Morrow R. (2014). Wind-induced upwelling in the Kerguelen Plateau region. Biogeosciences, 11(22), 6389-6400. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6389-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40207/

Sackett O., Armand L., Beardall J., Hill R., Doblin M., Connelly C., Howes J., Stuart B., Ralph P., Heraud P. (2014). Taxon-specific responses of Southern Ocean diatoms to Fe enrichment revealed by synchrotron radiation FTIR microspectroscopy. Biogeosciences, 11(20), 5795-5808. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5795-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40219/

Sanial Virginie, Van Beek Pieter, Lansard Bruno, D'Ovidio Francesco, Kestenare Elodie, Souhaut Marc, Zhou Meng, Blain Stephane (2014). Study of the phytoplankton plume dynamics off the Crozet Islands (Southern Ocean): A geochemical-physical coupled approach. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 119(4), 2227-2237. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JC009305 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00226/33749/

Selph Karen E., Apprill Amy, Measures Christopher I., Hatta Mariko, Hiscock William T., Brown Matthew T. (2013). Phytoplankton distributions in the Shackleton Fracture Zone/Elephant Island region of the Drake Passage in February-March 2004. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 90, 55-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.01.030

Charette Matthew A., Gille Sarah T., Sanders Richard J., Zhou Meng (2013). Southern Ocean natural iron fertilization Introduction. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 90, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.04.014

Queguiner Bernard (2013). Iron fertilization and the structure of planktonic communities in high nutrient regions of the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 90, 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.07.024

Morris Paul J., Charette Matthew A. (2013). A synthesis of upper ocean carbon and dissolved iron budgets for Southern Ocean natural iron fertilisation studies. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 90, 147-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.02.001

Pearce Christopher R., Jones Morgan T., Oelkers Eric H., Pradoux Catherine, Jeandel Catherine (2013). The effect of particulate dissolution on the neodymium (Nd) isotope and Rare Earth Element (REE) composition of seawater. Earth And Planetary Science Letters, 369, 138-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.023

Westberry Toby K., Behrenfeld Michael J., Milligan Allen J., Doney Scott C. (2013). Retrospective satellite ocean color analysis of purposeful and natural ocean iron fertilization. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 73, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2012.11.010

Van Beek P., Souhaut M., Lansard B., Bourquin M., Reyss J-L., von Ballmoos P., Jean P. (2013). LAFARA: a new underground laboratory in the French Pyrenees for ultra low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. Journal Of Environmental Radioactivity, 116, 152-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.10.002

Heimburger A., Losno Remi, Triquet S., Dulac F., Mahowald Natalie (2012). Direct measurements of atmospheric iron, cobalt, and aluminum-derived dust deposition at Kerguelen Islands. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 26(GB4016,), 1-14. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GB004301 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00265/37585/

de Brauwere Anouk, Fripiat Francois, Cardinal Damien, Cavagna Anne-Julie, de Ridder Fjo, Andre Luc, Elskens Marc (2012). Isotopic model of oceanic silicon cycling: The Kerguelen Plateau case study. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 70, 42-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2012.08.004

Xing Xiaogang, Claustre Herve, Blain Stephane, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Antoine David, Ras Josephine, Guinet Christophe (2012). Quenching correction for in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence acquired by autonomous platforms: A case study with instrumented elephant seals in the Kerguelen region (Southern Ocean). Limnology And Oceanography-methods, 10, 483-495. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2012.10.483 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35965/

Bown Johann, Boye M., Laan P., Bowie A. R., Park Y. -H., Jeandel C., Nelson D. M. (2012). Imprint of a dissolved cobalt basaltic source on the Kerguelen Plateau. Biogeosciences, 9(12), 5279-5290. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-5279-2012 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00139/25058/

Fourquez Marion, Obernosterer Ingrid, Blain Stephane (2012). A method for the use of the radiotracer 55Fe for microautoradiography and CARD-FISH of natural bacterial communities. Fems Microbiology Letters, 337(2), 132-139. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6968.12022 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00143/25403/

Jouandet Marie Paule, Blain Stephane, Metzl Nicolas, Mongin Mathieu (2011). Interannual variability of net community production and air-sea CO2 flux in a naturally iron fertilized region of the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen Plateau). Antarctic Science, 23(6), 589-596. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102011000411

Lourantou Anna, Metzl Nicolas (2011). Decadal evolution of carbon sink within a strong bloom area in the subantarctic zone. Geophysical Research Letters, 38, -. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049614 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25557/

Obernosterer Ingrid, Catala Philippe, Lebaron Philippe, West Nyree J. (2011). Distinct bacterial groups contribute to carbon cycling during a naturally iron fertilized phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean. Limnology And Oceanography, 56(6), 2391-2401. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2391 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00214/32503/

Shaw T. J., Smith K. L., Jr., Hexel C. R., Dudgeon Rebekkah, Sherman Alana D., Vernet M., Kaufmann R. S. (2011). Th-234-Based Carbon Export around Free-Drifting Icebergs in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 58(11-12), 1384-1391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.11.019

Roquet Fabien, Charrassin Jean-Benoit, Marchand Stephane, Boehme Lars, Fedak Mike, Reverdin Gilles, Guinet Christophe (2011). Delayed-Mode Calibration of Hydrographic Data Obtained from Animal-Borne Satellite Relay Data Loggers. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 28(6), 787-801. https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHO801.1

Jouandet Marie-Paule, Trull Thomas W., Guidi Lionel, Picheral Marc, Ebersbach Friederike, Stemmann Lars, Blain Stephane (2011). Optical imaging of mesopelagic particles indicates deep carbon flux beneath a natural iron-fertilized bloom in the Southern Ocean. Limnology And Oceanography, 56(3), 1130-1140. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1130 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00214/32507/

Fripiat Francois, Cavagna Anne-Julie, Savoye Nicolas, Dehairs Frank, Andre Luc, Cardinal Damien (2011). Isotopic constraints on the Si-biogeochemical cycle of the Antarctic Zone in the Kerguelen area (KEOPS). Marine Chemistry, 123(1-4), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2010.08.005

Venchiarutti C., Roy-Barman M., Freydier R., Van Beek P., Souhaut M., Jeandel C. (2011). Influence of intense scavenging on Pa-Th fractionation in the wake of Kerguelen Island (Southern Ocean). Biogeosciences, 8(11), 3187-3201. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-3187-2011 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00228/33894/

Mignot A., Claustre H., D'Ortenzio F., Xing X., Poteau A., Ras J. (2011). From the shape of the vertical profile of in vivo fluorescence to Chlorophyll-a concentration. Biogeosciences, 8(8), 2391-2406. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2391-2011 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35968/

Van Wijk Esmee M., Rintoul Stephen R., Ronai Belinda M., Williams Guy D. (2010). Regional circulation around Heard and McDonald Islands and through the Fawn Trough, central Kerguelen Plateau. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 57(5), 653-669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2010.03.001

Thuroczy C-E, Boye M., Losno R. (2010). Dissolution of cobalt and zinc from natural and anthropogenic dusts in seawater. Biogeosciences, 7(6), 1927-1936. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1927-2010 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40716/

Masotti I., Belviso S., Alvain S., Johnson J. E., Bates T. S., Tortell P. D., Kasamatsu N., Mongin M., Marandino C. A., Saltzman E. S., Moulin C. (2010). Spatial and temporal variability of the dimethylsulfide to chlorophyll ratio in the surface ocean: an assessment based on phytoplankton group dominance determined from space. Biogeosciences, 7(10), 3215-3237. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3215-2010 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00231/34250/

Chever F., Sarthou G., Bucciarelli E., Blain S., Bowie A. R. (2010). An iron budget during the natural iron fertilisation experiment KEOPS (Kerguelen Islands, Southern Ocean). Biogeosciences, 7(2), 455-468. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-455-2010 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00205/31605/

Breitbarth E., Achterberg E. P., Ardelan M. V., Baker A. R., Bucciarelli E., Chever F., Croot P. L., Duggen S., Gledhill M., Hassellov M., Hassler C., Hoffmann L. J., Hunter K. A., Hutchins D. A., Ingri J., Jickells T., Lohan M. C., Nielsdottir M. C., Sarthou G., Schoemann V., Trapp J. M., Turner D. R., Ye Y. (2010). Iron biogeochemistry across marine systems - progress from the past decade. Biogeosciences, 7(3), 1075-1097. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1075-2010 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00205/31606/

Guidi Lionel, Stemmann Lars, Jackson George A., Ibanez Frederic, Claustre Herve, Legendre Louis, Picheral Marc, Gorsky Gabriel (2009). Effects of phytoplankton community on production, size and export of large aggregates: A world-ocean analysis. Limnology And Oceanography, 54(6), 1951-1963. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.6.1951

Maraldi Claire, Mongin Mathieu, Coleman Richard, Testut Laurent (2009). The influence of lateral mixing on a phytoplankton bloom: Distribution in the Kerguelen Plateau region. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 56(6), 963-973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.12.018

Planquette Helene, Fones Gary R., Statham Peter J., Morris Paul J. (2009). Origin of iron and aluminium in large particles (> 53 mu m) in the Crozet region, Southern Ocean. Marine Chemistry, 115(1-2), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.06.002

Uitz Julia, Claustre Herve, Griffiths F. Brian, Ras Josephine, Garcia Nicole, Sandronie Valerie (2009). A phytoplankton class-specific primary production model applied to the Kerguelen Islands region (Southern Ocean). Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 56(4), 541-560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.11.006

Mongin M. M., Abraham E. R., Trull T. W. (2009). Winter advection of iron can explain the summer phytoplankton bloom that extends 1000 km downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean. Journal Of Marine Research, 67(2), 225-237. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224009789051218

Thuróczy C.-E., Boye M., Losno R. (2009). Dissolution of atmospheric cobalt and zinc in seawater. Biogeosciences Discussios, 6, 10883-10910. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-10883-2009 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00296/40718/

Guidi Lionel, Jackson George A., Stemmann Lars, Miquel Juan Carlos, Picheral Marc, Gorsky Gabriel (2008). Relationship between particle size distribution and flux in the mesopelagic zone. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 55(10), 1364-1374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.05.014

Venchiarutti C., Jeandel C., Roy-Barman M. (2008). Particle dynamics study in the wake of Kerguelen Island using thorium isotopes. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 55(10), 1343-1363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.05.015

Chen Guocheng, Zheng Hongbo, Li Jianru, Xie Xin, Me Xi (2008). Dynamic control on grain-size distribution of terrigenous sediments in the western South China Sea: Implication for East Asian monsoon evolution. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53(10), 1533-1543. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-008-0078-y , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00207/31846/

Wagener Thibaut, Guieu Cecile, Losno Remi, Bonnet Sophie, Mahowald Natalie (2008). Revisiting atmospheric dust export to the Southern Hemisphere ocean: Biogeochemical implications. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 22(GB2006), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GB002984

Timmermans Klaas R., Van Der Woerd Hendrik J., Wernand Marcel R., Sligting Merijn, Uitz Julia, de Baar Hein J. W. (2008). In situ and remote-sensed chlorophyll fluorescence as indicator of the physiological state of phytoplankton near the Isles Kerguelen (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology, 31(5), 617-628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-007-0398-4

Stemmann Lars, Youngbluth Marsh, Robert Kevin, Hosia Aino, Picheral Marc, Paterson Harriet, Ibanez Frederic, Guidi Lionel, Lombard Fabien, Gorsky Gabriel (2008). Global zoogeography of fragile macrozooplankton in the upper 100-1000 m inferred from the underwater video profiler. Ices Journal Of Marine Science, 65(3), 433-442. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn010 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00205/31590/

Bourquin M., Van Beek P., Reyss J. -L., Soullaut M., Charette M. A., Jeandel C. (2008). Comparison of techniques for pre-concentrating radium from seawater. Marine Chemistry, 109(3-4), 226-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2008.01.002

West Nyree J., Obernosterer Ingrid, Zemb Olivier, Lebaron Philippe (2008). Major differences of bacterial diversity and activity inside and outside of a natural iron-fertilized phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean. Environmental Microbiology, 10(3), 738-756. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01497.x

Jacquet S.H.M., Savoye N., Dehairs F., Strass V. H., Cardinal D. (2008). Mesopelagic carbon remineralization during the European iron fertilization experiment. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 22(1 / GB1023), 1-9. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002902 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00237/34870/

Ebersbach F., Trull T.W. (2008). Sinking particle properties from polyacrylamide gels during the KErguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study (KEOPS): Zooplankton control of carbon export in an area of persistent natural iron inputs in the Southern Ocean. Limnology And Oceanography, 53(1), 212-224. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2008.53.1.0212

Jacquet S. H. M., Dehairs F., Savoye N., Obernosterer I., Christaki U., Monnin C., Cardinal D. (2008). Mesopelagic organic carbon remineralization in the Kerguelen Plateau region tracked by biogenic particulate Ba. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 868-879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.038

Mongin Mathieu, Molina Ernesto, Trull Thomas W. (2008). Seasonality and scale of the Kerguelen plateau phytoplankton bloom: A remote sensing and modeling analysis of the influence of natural iron fertilization in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 880-892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.039

Jouandet Marie Paule, Blain Stephane, Metzl Nicolas, Brunet Christian, Trull Thomas W., Obernosterer Ingrid (2008). A seasonal carbon budget for a naturally iron-fertilized bloom over the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 856-867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.037

Savoye N., Trull T. W., Jacquet S. H. M., Navez J., Dehairs F. (2008). Th-234-based export fluxes during a natural iron fertilization experiment in the Southern Ocean (KEOPS). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 841-855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.036

Trull Thomas W., Davies Diana, Casciotti Karen (2008). Insights into nutrient assimilation and export in naturally iron-fertilized waters of the Southern Ocean from nitrogen, carbon and oxygen isotopes. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 820-840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.035

Mosseri Julie, Queguiner Bernard, Armand Leanne, Cornet-Barthaux Veronique (2008). Impact of iron on silicon utilization by diatoms in the Southern Ocean: A case study of Si/N cycle decoupling in a naturally iron-enriched area. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 801-819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.003

Obernosterer Ingrid, Christaki Urania, Lefevre Dominique, Catala Philippe, Van Wambeke France, Lebaron Philippe (2008). Rapid bacterial mineralization of organic carbon produced during a phytoplankton bloom induced by natural iron fertilization in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 777-789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.005

Lefevre Dominique, Guigue Catherine, Obernosterer Ingrid (2008). The metabolic balance at two contrasting sites in the Southern Ocean: The iron-fertilized Kerguelen area and HNLC waters. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 766-776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.006

Sarthou Geraldine, Vincent Dorothée, Christaki Urania, Obernosterer Ingrid, Timmermans Klaas R., Brussaard Corina P. D. (2008). The fate of biogenic iron during a phytoplankton bloom induced by natural fertilisation: Impact of copepod grazing. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 734-751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.033

Timmermans Klaas R., Veldhuls Marcel J. W., Laan Patrick, Brussaard Corina P. D. (2008). Probing natural iron fertilization near the Kerguelen (Southern Ocean) using natural phytoplankton assemblages and diatom cultures. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 693-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.008

Zhang Y., Lacan F., Jeandel C. (2008). Dissolved rare earth elements tracing lithogenic inputs over the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 638-652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.029

Van Beek P., Bourquin M., Reyss J. -L., Souhaut M., Charette M. A., Jeandel C. (2008). Radium isotopes to investigate the water mass pathways on the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 622-637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.025

Park Young-Hyang, Fuda Jean-Luc, Durand Isabelle, Garabato Alberto C. Naveira (2008). Internal tides and vertical mixing over the Kerguelen Plateau. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 582-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.027

Park Young-Hyang, Roquet Fabien, Durand Isabelle, Fuda Jean-Luc (2008). Large-scale circulation over and around the Northern Kerguelen Plateau. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 566-581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.030

Belviso Sauveur, Bopp Laurent, Mosseri Julie, Tedetti Marc, Garcia Nicole, Griffiths Brian, Joux Fabien, Obernosterer Ingrid, Uitz Julia, Veldhuis Marcel J. W. (2008). Effect of natural iron fertilisation on the distribution of DMS and DMSP in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 893-900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.040

Bonilla-Findji Osana, Malits Andrea, Lefevre Dominique, Rochelle-Newall Emma, Lemee Rodolphe, Weinbauer Markus G., Gattuso Jean-Pierre (2008). Viral effects on bacterial respiration, production and growth efficiency: Consistent trends in the Southern Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 790-800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.004

Carlotti Francois, Thibault-Botha Delphine, Nowaczyk Antoine, Lefevre Dominique (2008). Zooplankton community structure, biomass and role in carbon fluxes during the second half of a phytoplankton bloom in the eastern sector of the Kerguelen Shelf (January-February 2005). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 720-733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.010

Christaki U., Obernosterer I., Van Wambeke F., Veldhuis M., Garcia N., Catala P. (2008). Microbial food web structure in a naturally iron-fertilized area in the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen Plateau). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 706-719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.009

Armand Leanne K., Crosta X., Queguiner B., Mosseri J., Garcia N. (2008). Diatoms preserved in surface sediments of the northeastern Kerguelen Plateau. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 677-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.032

Armand Leanne K., Cornet-Barthaux Veronique, Mosseri Julie, Queguiner Bernard (2008). Late summer diatom biomass and community structure on and around the naturally iron-fertilised Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 653-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.031

Gerringa L. J. A., Blain S., Laan P., Sarthou G., Veldhuis M. J. W., Brussaard C. P. D., Viollier E., Timmermans K. R. (2008). Fe-binding dissolved organic ligands near the Kerguelen Archipelago in the Southern Ocean (Indian sector). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 606-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.007

Blain Stephane, Sarthou Geraldine, Laan Patrick (2008). Distribution of dissolved iron during the natural iron-fertilization experiment KEOPS (Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Ocean). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 594-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.028

Blain Stephane, Queguiner Bernard, Trull Thomas (2008). The natural iron fertilization experiment KEOPS (KErguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study): An overview. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 559-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.01.002

Bopp Laurent, Aumont Olivier, Belviso Sauveur, Blain Stephane (2008). Modelling the effect of iron fertilization on dimethylsulphide emissions in the Southern Ocean. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 901-912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.002

Brussaard C. P. D., Timmermans K. R., Uitz J., Veldhuis M. J. W. (2008). Virioplankton dynamics and virally induced phytoplankton lysis versus microzooplankton grazing southeast of the Kerguelen (Southern Ocean). Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 55(5-7), 752-765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.12.034

Cornet-Barthaux Veronique, Armand Leanne, Queguiner Bernard (2007). Biovolume and biomass estimates of key diatoms in the Southern Ocean. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 48(3), 295-308. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3354/ame048295 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00204/31572/

Blain Stephane, Queguiner Bernard, Armand Leanne, Belviso Sauveur, Bombled Bruno, Bopp Laurent, Bowie Andrew, Brunet Christian, Brussaard Corina, Carlotti Francois, Christaki Urania, Corbiere Antoine, Durand Isabelle, Ebersbach Frederike, Fuda Jean-Luc, Garcia Nicole, Gerringa Loes, Griffiths Brian, Guigue Catherine, Guillerm Christophe, Jacquet Stéphanie, Jeandel Catherine, Laan Patrick, Lefevre Dominique, Lo Monaco Claire, Malits Andrea, Mosseri Julie, Obernosterer Ingrid, Park Young-Hyang, Picheral Marc, Pondaven Philippe, Remenyi Thomas, Sandroni Valerie, Sarthou Geraldine, Savoye Nicolas, Scouarnec Lionel, Souhaut Marc, Thuiller Doris, Timmermans Klaas, Trull Thomas, Uitz Julia, Van Beek Pieter, Veldhuis Marcel, Vincent Dorothée, Viollier Eric, Vong Lilita, Wagener Thibaut (2007). Effect of natural iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean. Nature, 446(7139), 1070-1075. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05700

Vong Lilita, Laes Agathe , Blain Stéphane (2007). Determination of iron-porphyrin-like complexes at nanomolar levels in seawater. Analytica Chimica Acta, 588(2), 237-244. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.007 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3298/

Boyd P. W., Jickells T., Law C. S., Blain S., Boyle E. A., Buesseler K. O., Coale K. H., Cullen J. J., de Baar H. J. W., Follows M., Harvey M., Lancelot C., Levasseur M., Owens N. P. J., Pollard R., Rivkin R. B., Sarmiento J., Schoemann V., Smetacek V., Takeda S., Tsuda A., Turner S., Watson A. J. (2007). Mesoscale iron enrichment experiments 1993-2005: Synthesis and future directions. Science, 315(5812), 612-617. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131669

Références des publications parues dans d'autres revues ou des ouvrages scientifiques faisant référence dans la discipline

Blain Stephanie (2012). Natural Iron Fertilization in the Southern Ocean: Kerguelen Ocean and Plateau Compared Study (KEOPS) Completes Second Cruise. OCB Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Newsletter, 5(1), 6-8.

Quéguiner B., P. Tréguer, R. Corvaisier. 2011. Seasonal and interannual evolu-tions of biogenic silica standing stock and production at the KERFIX time-series station off the Kerguelen Islands. In The Kerguelen Plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries, Proceedings of the 1st international Science Symposium on the Kerguelen Plateau (G. Duhamel, D. Welsford, eds.), Société Française d'Ichtyologie, 175-178.

Quéguiner B., S. Blain, T. Trull. 2011. High primary production and vertical export of carbon over the Kerguelen Plateau as a consequence of natural iron fertilization in a high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll environment. In The Kerguelen Plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries, Proceedings of the 1st international Science Symposium on the Kerguelen Plateau (G. Duhamel, D. Welsford, eds.), Société Française d'Ichtyologie, 169-174.

Fripiat Francois, Corvaisier Rudolph, Navez Jacques, Elskens Marc, Schoemann Veronique, Leblanc Karine, Andre Luc, Cardinal Damien (2009). Measuring production-dissolution rates of marine biogenic silica by Si-30-isotope dilution using a high-resolution sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Limnology And Oceanography-methods, 7, 470-478. Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00205/31607/

Li Tao, Wang Peng, Wang Pinxian (2008). Bacterial and archaeal diversity in surface sediment from the south slope of the South China Sea. Acta microbiologica Sinica, 48(3), 323-329.

Claustre Hervé, Jeandel Catherine, Sicre Marie-Alexandrine (2006). Le PROOF nouveau est arrivé / The new PROOF has arrived. Lettre PIGB-PMRC France. Changement global, (16), 61-64 , IX-XII.

d'Ovidio F., Zhou M., Park H.-Y., Nencioli F., Resplandy L., Doglioli A., Petrenko A., Blain S., Quéguiner B. Guiding bioge-ochemical campaigns with high resolution altimetry: Waiting for the SWOT mission. Proceedings of 20 years of Progress in Radar Altimetry, Venice, Italy, 24-29 September, submitted.

Références des rapports techniques

Dyment Jérôme, Lallier François, Le Bris Nadine, Rouxel Olivier , Sarradin Pierre-Marie , Lamare Sylvain, Coumert Coralie, Morineaux Marie, Tourolle Julie (2014). Les impacts environnementaux de l’exploitation des ressources minérales marines profondes. Expertise scientifique collective. Rapport, CNRS – Ifremer, 937 p. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00872/98434/

Anonyme. 2012. Comprendre la pompe à CO2 dans l?Océan Austral, in : 2011, une année avec le CNRS, Rapport d'activité, pp. 41.

Blain S., Quéguiner B. 2012. Campagne océanographique aux Kerguelen : KEOPS 2, Rapport d'activité IPEV 2011, pp. 44-47.

Blain S., Quéguiner B. 2012. RAPPORT DE CAMPAGNE KEOPS 2/ CAMPAGNE MD188, 8 Octobre 2011 ? 30 novembre 2011, 184 pp.

Blain S., Quéguiner, B. 2012. Ocean-going research: KEOPS, in : McCluskey B. (Ed.) (2012). Delving deeper: A new era for marine collaboration. International Innovation, 2012 (October), pp. 62-64.

Royer A., Scouarnec L., Perault F. 2012. Rapport de la mission KEOPS 2, DT INSU, 16 pp.

Blain, S., 2005. MD 145 / KEOPS rapport de campagne.

Références des articles parus dans des revues ou des journaux à grand public

20/06/2009 débat organise par La Recherche/ Le monde, Que faire du CO2, S. Blain collège de France, Paris

08/01/08 dans Libération « bras de fer avec la mer » par L. Barnéoud

14/05/08 Nature Research Highlight Goesciences : The dust settles, Nature, 453, 260.

Mai 2008 Conference la chimie et la mer, Maison de la chimie, Paris S. Blain.

07/06/07 Faire pousser du plancton pour sauver la planète ? Journées plancton du monde, Océanopolis, Brest, G. sarthou

20/11/2007 Du fer dans l?austral pour éduire l?effet de serre ? Océanopolis, Brest, G. sarthou

22/03/2007, Avancées en chimie et biogéochimie : Exemples d?étues en Océan Austral, Conférence Océanopolis, Brest, G. Sarthou

26/04/2007, le Figaro : "Capter du CO2 dans les Océan : l?espoir recule". par Y. Miserey

26/04/2007, le Nouvel Observateur : "pour l?océan rien ne vaut un apport de fer naturel" par C. Dumas

27/04/2007, Libération : " Climat : rien ne sert de jeter du fer dans la mer" par S. Huet

28/04/2007, le Monde :" l?épandange de fer dans l?océan ne favoriserait pas l?absorption de CO2 par le plancton" par S. Foucart.

30/04/2007 l?Humanité : "Les océans ce n?est pas comme les épinards" par V. D.

30/11/2007 Du fer dans l?austral our réduire l?effet de serre ? exposition « explorateurs des mers » jardins du trocadero, Paris, G. sarthou

Décembre 2007 : La Recherche « ne manipulons pas l?océan » par S. Blain.

Décembre 2007 : Research EU, magazine de l?espace européen de la recherche « le CO2 entre ciel et mer » par M. Lethé.

Juillet-aout 2007 Natural History : phytoplancton to the rescue ? par S. Reebs

Juin 2007 Sciences et avenir : "Ocean du fer non merci" par Azar Khalatbari

Juin 2007 a seasonnal carbon budget for a naturally iron fertilized bloom (Kerguelen I . Southern Ocean). in SOLAS news 5, page 13 par MP Jouandet.

Septembre 2007 Science et Avenir Hors série Climat : « carbone et si la nature cessait de l?absorber » par P. Philipon

7/09/06 Fertiliser en fer l?océan austral : une solution pour diminuer l?effet de serre ? Aquoforum de l?association OCEAN, Bègles, N. Savoye

Références des communications dans des colloques internationaux

BLAIN S, B. QUÉGUINER, KEOPS2 Team, OISO Team. Response of the southern ocean to large scale natural iron ferti-lization (Kerguelen region). 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 072 ?The Southern Ocean and Its Role In the Climate System: Observations and Modeling of Physical and Biogeochemical Processes?, Ha-waii, février 2014.

DEHAIRS F., T. TRULL, A.J. CAVAGNA, F. PLANCHON, F. FRIPIAT. Nitrate isotopic composition in the Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean). 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 125 ?The Many Faces of the Marine N Cycle?, Hawaii, février 2014.

GRENIER M., E. GARCIA SOLSONA, N. LEMAITRE, V. BOUVIER, C. JEANDEL, C.: Rare earth concentrations and neodymium isotopic compositions of seawater around the Kerguelen plateau: tracing land-to-ocean sources and ocean circulation. 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 072 ?The Southern Ocean and Its Role In the Climate System: Observations and Modeling of Physical and Biogeochemical Processes?, Hawaii, février 2014.

LANDA M., S. MONCHY, S. BLAIN, I. OBERNOSTERER. Responses of heterotrophic bacterial diversity to phytoplank-ton blooms induced by natural iron-fertilization: is dom a driving factor? 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 069 ?Marine Microbial Ecology: the Relative Role of Dispersal, Interac-tions, Associations and Other Ecological Processes in Structuring Microbial Communities?, Hawaii, février 2014.

LAURENCEAU E.C., T.W. TRULL, D.M. DAVIES, C. DE LA ROCHA, S. BLAIN. Aggregation processes and phyto-plankton morphology in the control of export fluxes from naturally ironfertilised waters near the kerguelen plateau. ASLO 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 026 ?Biological and Physical Controls of Par-ticle Dynamics and Fluxes In the Mesopelagic Layer of the Ocean: Current Understanding and Future Directions?, Ha-waii, février 2014.

LEMAITRE N., H. PLANQUETTE, A. BOWIE, T. TRULL, F. DEHAIRS. Biogenic silica (BSi) and trace elements (TE), Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Mn, Co, P, surface export fluxes near kerguelen island, southern ocean (KEOPS2). 2014 Ocean Science Meet-ing AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 080 ?Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements and their Isotopes?, Hawaii, février 2014.

PLANCHON F., D. BALLAS, A.J. CAVAGNA, T. TRULL, F. DEHAIRS. Fe fertilization and carbon export production: the natural laboratory of the Kerguelen island, Southern Ocean. 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 026 ?Biological and Physical Controls of Particle Dynamics and Fluxes In the Mesopelagic Layer of the Ocean: Current Understanding and Future Directions?, Hawaii, février 2014.

ZHOU M., Y. ZHU, Y., B. QUÉGUINER, F. CARLOTTI, Y. ZHANG. A continuum size spectrum model for marine plank-ton. 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 108 ?Synthesis and Modeling of Global-Scale Marine Planktonic Ecosystems and Plankton Functional Types?, Hawaii, février 2014.

van der MERWE P., A.R. BOWIE, F. QUÉROUÉ, T. TRULL. Lateral transport of particle-laden shallow coastal waters is fundamental to iron fertilisation around the Kerguelen plateau within the Southern Ocean. 2014 Ocean Science Meeting AGU/ASLO/Oceanography Society, Session 080 ?Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements and their Isotopes?, Hawaii, février 2014.

BLAIN S., B. QUÉGUINER, KEOPS 2 Team. Spatial and temporal responses of the southern ocean to large scale natural iron fertilization (Kerguelen region). ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting "Learning for the Future", Special session 51 "Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean", Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

BOWIE A.R., F. QUÉROUÉ, G. SARTHOU, F. CHEVER, P. VAN DER MERWE, E. BUCCIARELLI, A.T. TOWNSEND, S. BLAIN. Dissolved and particulate trace metals in the vicinity of the Kerguelen islands, southern ocean, during the KEOPS 2 experiment. ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting "Learning for the Future", Special session 51 "Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean", Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

CARLOTTI F., A. NOWACZYK, M.P. JOUANDET, D. LEFÈVRE, M. Harmelin. Mesozooplankton structure and func-tioning during the onset of the Kerguelen spring bloom: first results of the KEOPS2 survey. ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future, Special session 51 "Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean", Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

CAVAGNA A., B. QUÉGUINER, F. PLANCHON, S. JACQUET, I. CLOSSET, F. DEHAIRS. Production regime and poten-tial for carbon export in the naturally iron fertilized kerguelen area (Southern Ocean). ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meet-ing ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

CAVAGNA A.-J., F. DEHAIRS, S.H.M. JACQUET, F. PLANCHON. Gaining information on C-sequestration efficiency using a production / export / remineralisation toolbox: the S.O. naturally Fe-fertilized areas study-case. 45th International Liège Colloquium on Ocean Dynamics, Primary Production in the Ocean from the Synoptic to the Global Scale, Liège, mai 2013.

CLOSSET I., M. LASBLEIZ, K. LEBLANC, B. QUÉGUINER, J. NAVEZ, D. CARDINAL. Comparison of Si biogeochem-ical budget in contrasted southern ocean regions through silica production-dissolution measurements (KEOPS-2). ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dy-namics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

CLOSSET I., M. LASBLEIZ, K. LEBLANC, B. QUÉGUINER, J. NAVEZ, D. CARDINAL. Comparison of Si biogeochem-ical budget in contrasted southern ocean regions through silica production-dissolution measurements (KEOPS-2). IBIS: Isotopes in Biogenic Silica 2013 meeting, Helsinki, juin 2013.

DEHAIRS F., T.W. TRULL, C. FERNANDEZ, D. DAVIES, A.J. CAVAGNA, A.E. PINIELLA. Nitrate isotopic composition in the Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean) during KEOPS 2. ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Fu-ture?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

GONZÁLEZ M.L., L. ORIOL, F. DEHAIRS, A.J. CAVAGNA, C. FERNANDEZ. Molecular nitrogen fixation in the south-ern ocean: case of study of the Fe-fertilized Kerguelen region (KEOPSII cruise) . ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

JACQUET S.H., F. DEHAIRS, A.J. CAVAGNA, F. PLANCHON, I. CLOSSET, D. CARDINAL. Seasonal variability of mesopelagic organic carbon remineralization in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean) . ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

ARMAND L.K., J. WILKS, B. QUÉGUINER. Southern Ocean diatom assemblages and searching for iron enrichment signature species. 27th annual Australasian Society for Phycology and Aquatic Botany (ASPAB) conference, Sydney no-vembre 2013.

JOUANDET M., L. GUIDI, F. CARLOTTI, L. STEMMANN, M. PICHERAL, M. ZHOU, T. TRULL, S. BLAIN. Particle size distributions in response to natural iron fertilisation in the Southern Ocean (Kerguelen island)-implication for carbon export. . ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

LASBLEIZ M., I. CLOSSET, B. QUÉGUINER, K. LEBLANC, D. CARDINAL, J. NAVEZ, M. ELSKENS. The biogenic silica cycle in the area of interaction between the Antarctic Polar Front and the Kerguelen Plateau (KEOPS 2). 45th Inter-national Liege Colloquium on Ocean Dynamics: ?The variability of primary production in the ocean: from the synoptic to the global scale?, Liège, mai 2013.

LASBLEIZ M., I. CLOSSET, B. QUÉGUINER, K. LEBLANC, D. CARDINAL, J. NAVEZ. Species?specific contribution of diatoms to Si production in the Fe-fertilized Kerguelen region of the Southern Ocean (KEOPS2). ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sci-ences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

QUÉROUÉ F., TOWNSEND A.T., LANNUZEL D., VAN DER MERWE P., SARTHOU G., BUCCIARELLI E., BOWIE A.R. Trace metal (Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Al) analysis in open ocean samples using Sector Field ICP-MS, Collabora-tive on Oceanographic Chemical Analysis Meeting, Hawaii, mars 2013.

SANIAL V., P. VAN BEEK, B. LANSARD, M. SOUHAUT, M. ZHOU, F. D?OVIDIO, E. KESTENARE, S. BLAIN. Study of the natural fertilization off Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean) using radium isotopes. Gordon Research Conference - Chemical of the Sea, Biddeford (Main, USA), août 2013.

SANIAL V., P. VAN BEEK, B. LANSARD, M. ZHOU, E. KESTENARE, M. SOUHAUT. Use of the radium quartet (223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, 228Ra) to study the natural iron fertilization off Crozet and Kerguelen islands (Southern Ocean). ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosys-tem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

VAN BEEK P., V. SANIAL, B. LANSARD, E. KESTENARE, M. SOUHAUT, F. D?OVIDIO, M. ZHOU, S. BLAIN. Study of the Natural Iron Fertilization off Crozet and Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean) using radium isotopes as tracers. INVITED TALK, Goldschmidt Conference, Florence (Italie), août 2013.

BLAIN S. KEOPS 2: presentation of the scientific objectives and strategy at sea. TANGGO Meeting, Grenoble (France), mai 2012.

BLAIN S. Strategies and implemention of pluridisciplinary cruises in the Southern ocean. Invited speaker, International Workshop ?Diagnosis of vertical exchanges at submesoscales and their impact on ecosystems, from integrated satellite and in-situ observations?, Institut Polaire Français Paul-Emile Victor, Brest (France), Novembre 2012.

CAVAGNA A.-J., F. DEHAIRS, B. QUÉGUINER, C. FERNANDEZ C., D. LEFÈVRE. Regimes of production and potential for carbon export in naturally iron-fertilized waters in the Southern Ocean. 2012 ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Lac Biwa, Otsu, Shiga (Japon), juillet 2012.

D?OVIDIO F., M. ZHOU, Y.-H. PARK, F. NENCIOLI, L. RESPLANDY, A. DOGLIO?LI, A. PETRENKO, S. BLAIN, B. QUÉGUINER. Guiding biogeochemical campaigns with high resolution altimetry: Waiting for the SWOT mission. 20 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry, Venise (Italie), septembre 2012.

GONZÁLEZ M.L., FERNANDEZ C., LEIVA-FLOREZ L. Molecular nitrogen fixation in HNLC areas: Case study in Ker-guelen Islands, Austral Ocean. XXXII Congreso de Ciencias del Mar, Punta Arenas (Chili), octobre 2012.

LANSARD B., V. SANIAL, P. VAN BEEK, M. SOUHAUT, F. D?OVIDIO. What do we learn from radium isotopes about natural iron fertilization off Crozet and Kerguelen Islands, Southern Ocean? 4th International Ra-Rn workshop, Narragan-sett (USA), juin 2012.

LAURENCEAU E., TRULL T., DAVIES D., DE LA ROCHA C., BLAIN S. Sinking velocity of marine aggregates, from simple theory to complex reality: insights from roller tank experiments in a naturally iron-fertilised area of the Southern Ocean. IWOMA 2012, 2nd International Workshop on Marine Agregates, ?From Molecular Principles to Biochemical Impact?, Bremen (Allemagne), août 2012.

QUÉGUINER B. Iron fertilization and the structure of planktonic communities in high nutrient regions of the Southern Ocean. Invited speaker, EUR-OCEANS Flagship for Polar Ecosystem Change and Synthesis: Identifying key links be-tween biogeochemical processes and foodweb structure, Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven (Allemagne), novembre 2012.

QUÉROUÉ F., A.R. BOWIE, D. LANNUZEL, P. VAN DER MERWE, A.T. TOWNSEND, G. SARTHOU, E. BUCCIARELLI, 2012, Physical and biological controls on the distribution of trace metals (Fe, Cu, Mn) around Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean), Ocean Science Meeting, Salt Lake City (USA), février 2012.

SANIAL V., P. VAN BEEK, B. LANSARD, M. SOUHAUT, M. ZHOU. Land-Ocean Connectivity : Tracing and quantify-ing the iron input that fuels phytoplankton blooms off Kerguelen and Crozet Islands. Europole Mer Conference on Land-Ocean Connectivity ? from Hydrological to Ecological Understanding of Groundwater Effects in the Coastal Zone, L?Aber Wrac?h (France), septembre 2012.

SARTHOU G. , QUEROUÉ F., CHEVER F., BOWIE A.R., VAN DER MERVE P., BUCCIARELLI E., FOURQUEZ M., BLAIN S. Dissolved iron in the vicinity of the Kerguelen Islands, Southern Ocean, during the KEOPS 2 experiment. Gold-schmidt Conference, Montréal (Canada), juin 2012.

Blain S. Overview of the KEOPS Natural Iron Fertilization Study. Modeling and Synthesis of Southern Ocean Natural Iron Fertilization Workshop, Woods Hole Oceanographic Insitution, juin 2011.

Obernosterer I. Natural Iron Fertilization above the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean): Impact on Carbon Remineralization by the Microbial Food Web. Modeling and Synthesis of Southern Ocean Natural Iron Fertilization Workshop, Woods Hole Oceanographic Insitution, juin 2011.

Quéguiner B. Natural vs. Artificial Pelagic Iron Fertilizations and the Structure of Planktonic Communities in High Nutrients Environments of the Southern Ocean. Modeling and Synthesis of Southern Ocean Natural Iron Fertilization Workshop, Woods Hole Oceanographic Insitution, juin 2011.

ZHOU M., F. D?OVIDIO, Y.-H. PARK, Y. ZHU, I. DURAND, E. KESTENARE, V. SANIAL, P. VAN BEEK, B. QUÉGUINER, S. BLAIN. Estimates of horizontal surface circulation and upwelling using surface drifters in Kerguelen Plateau regions during the 2011 austral spring cruise. ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

ZHU Y., M. ZHOU, B. QUÉGUINER, K. LEBLANC, F. CARLOTTI, L. ARMAND, M.P. JOUANDET, E. KESTENARE, T. TRULL, S. BLAIN. Estimates of particle settling and scavenging using LISST-LOPC in kerguelen plateau regions during the 2011 austral spring KEOPS II cruise. ASLO 2013 Aquatic Sciences Meeting ?Learning for the Future?, Special session 51 ?Iron, Carbon Cycling, and Ecosystem Dynamics in the Southern Ocean?, Nouvelle Orleans, février 2013.

Dehairs F., D. Cardinal, A.-J. Cavagna, F. Fripiat and F. Planchon, A Proxy Tool-Box for Assessing Southern Ocean Biological Carbon Pump Efficiency, Ocean Sciences, Portland, USA, Feb. 2010.

Quéguiner B., P. Tréguer, R. Corvaisier. Biogenic silica standing stock and production at the KERFIX time-series station off the Kerguelen islands. 1st International Science Symposium on the Kerguelen Plateau, Concarneau, avril 2010.

Quéguiner B., S. Blain, T. Trull. High primary production on the Kerguelen Plateau: Causes and consequences. 1st International Science Symposium on the Kerguelen Plateau, Concarneau, avril 2010.

Blain, S., 2009, 1-4 September. Impact of natural iron fertilization in the southern ocean, large uncertainties subsit, Chapman conference, Southampton, UK.

Fripiat, F., De Brauwere, A., Cavagna, A.-J., Andre, L., Elskens, M. and Cardinal, D., 2009, 25-30 Janv. Investigation on the processes controlling Si-isotopic budget during KEOPS: inverse box modelling approach, ASLO Aquatic Science Meeting, Nice, France.

Blain, S., 2008a. Natural iron fertilization in the ocean and GEOTRACES, Goldschmidt Conference, Vancouver, Canada.

Blain, S., 2008b. Nutrients availability and carbon export from the surface layer, EUROCEANS workshop, Controls on organic carbon export and twilight zone mineralization, Bruxelles, Belgique.

Dehairs, F., Jacquet, S.H.M. and Cardinal, D., 2008, 13-19 Nov. Micro-crystalline barite accumulation in suspended matter as a proxy of mesopelagic remineralization, IMBER IMBIZO, Miami USA.

Fripiat, F., A.-J., C., Andre, L. and Cardinal, D., 2008, 28-30 Mai. Twilight zone C mineralization under different regimes of macro- and micronutrient availabilities in the Southern Ocean., EUROCEAN workshop, Bruxelles, Belgium.

Guidi, L., 2008 Feb. Particle flux transformation in the mesopelagic water column; process analyses and global balance., Oceanography departmental seminar series, Hawaii USA.

Jacquet, S.H.M., Dehairs, F., Dumont, I., Becquevort, S., Cardinal, D. and Lam, P.J., 2008. Twilight zone C mineralization under different regimes of macro- and micronutrient availabilities in the Southern Ocean., EGU, Vienna, Austria.

Jouandet, M.P., Blain, S., Metzl, N. and Mongin, M., 2008. Interannual variability of the net community production in the natural iron fertilized bloom of kerguelen, Ocean Science meeting, Orlando, USA.

Sarthou, G., 2008, 14-16 May. Iron biogeochemistry across marine systems at changing times, EUROCEANS workshop, Goeteborg, Sweden. West, N., Obernosterer, I., Zemb, L. and Lebaron, P., 2008. Major differences of bacterial diversity and activity inside and outside of a natural iron-fertilized phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean, Ocean science meeting, Orlando, USA.

Statham, P.J. and Blain, S., 2008. Supply of iron from island systems to Southern Ocean waters. What we do and do not know, Ocean Science Meeting, Orlando, USA.

West, N., Obernosterer, I., Zemb, L. and Lebaron, P., 2008, 14-15 Nov. Major differences of bacterial diversity and activity inside and outside of a natural iron-fertilized phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean, MARBEF conference on biodiversity, Valencia, Spain.

Zhang, Y., Jeandel, C. and Lacan, F., 2008. Boundary exchange processes on and along the kerguelen Plateau, Goldschmidt conference, Vancouver, Canada.

Blain, S., 2007. What did we learn from natural iron fertilization? Iron fertilization inetrnational symposium, Woods Hole, USA.

Chever, F., bucciarelli, E., blain, S., bowie, A. and Sarthou, G., 2007. Distribution of total dissolvable iron during the natural iron fertilization experiment KEOPS (Kerguelen Islands, Southern Ocean). EGU meeting, Vienne, Austria.

Dulac, F., Losno, R., Bergametti, G., Wagener, T., Guieu, C. and Lebouvier, M., 2007, 2-3 Oct. Example of aeolian erosion in a south mid-latitude desert: Kerguelen island (49°S, 70°E), Multidisciplinary Workshop on Southern American dust, Puerto Madryn, Argentina.

Guidi, L., Jackson, G.A., Stemmann, L., Picheral, M., Legendre, L. and Gorsky, G., 2007. Characterisation of particulate matter (PM>100µm) distribution in the oceans., ASLO Aquatic Science Meeting, Santa Fe, USA.

Guidi, L., Stemmann, L., Jackson, G.A., Picheral, M. and Gorsky, G., 2007 29 May -1 June. Effect of primary producer community on the production and export of large aggregates, Dynamic Green Ocean Project, 6th workshop, Villefranche sur mer, France.

Jacquet, S.H.M., Dehairs, F. and Cardinal, D., 2007. Mesoplelagic C mineralization at the Southern Ocean's scale, EGU, Vienna, Austria.

Jeandel, C., bourquin, M., Bowie, A., Bucciarelli, E., Chever, F., Dehairs, F., Jacquet, S., Lacan, F., van Beek, P., venchiarutti, C., Zhang, Y. and Blain, S., 2007. A mutiproxy approach to constrain the origin of the natural fertilisation on the kerguelen plateau., Goldschmidt Conference

Jouandet, M.P., Blain, S., Metzl, N. and Mongin, M., 2007, 6-10 March. a seasonnal carbon budget for a naturally fertilised bloom (Kerguelen I. Southern Ocean), International SOLAS science conference, Xiamen, China.

Jouandet, M.P., Blain, S., Metzl, N. and Mongin, M., 2007, Nov. Net community production in the natural iron fertilized bloom of Kerguelen, SOLAS summer school, cargese, France.

Losno, R., Garcon, V., Dandonneau, Y., Claustre, H., Sarthou, G., Desboeuf, K., Dulac, F., Guieu, C., Blain, S., Bucciarelli, E., Metzl, N., Sempere, R., Sicre, M.-A., Boutin, J. and Boye, M., 2007, 6-10 March. SOLAS france: an overview of today's research work, International SOLAS Science Conference.

Sarthou, G., Vincent, D., Christaki, U., Obernosterer, I., Timmermans, K.R. and Brussard, C.P.D., 2007, 15-20 Apr. The fate of biogenic iron during a phytoplankton bloom induced by natural fertilization: impact of copepod grazing, EGU conference, Vienna, Austria.

West, N., Obernosterer, i. Lebaron P.at the international workshop Marine dissolved organic matter and heterotrophic bacteria: from bulk measurements to molecular analyses. Banyuls sur mer Octobre 2007

Zhang, Y., Lacan, F. and Jeandel, C., 2007, Aug. Lithogenic inputs over the kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean) traced by the dissolved and particulate REE concentrations, and Nd isotopic compositions., Goldschmidt Conference, Cologne, Germany.

Armand, L., Cornet barthaux, V. and Quéguiner, B., 2006. Phytoplankton Responses Within and Peripheral to the Naturally Iron-Fertilized Kerguelen. Region., Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Belviso, S., Bopp, L. and Aumont, O., 2006. Iron-induced Changes in Austral Ocean DMS Biogeochemistry, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Blain, S., Quéguiner, B., Jeandel, C., Metzl, N. and team, K., 2006. Natural Iron Fertilization in the Southern Ocean: Overview of the Results from KEOPS (KErguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study). Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Carlotti, F., Botha, D., Lefèvre, D., Novaczyk, A., Clément, M.L. and Vincent, D., 2006. Mesozooplankton size structure and biomass above the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean) during KEOPS: first results on two contrasted areas., Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Mosseri, J., Quéguiner, B., Armand, L., Cornet barthaux, V., Garcia, N., Raimbault, P. and Sandroni, V., 2006. The Biogenic Silica Cycle During Austral Summer in the Southern Ocean: Contrast Between Naturally Fe-Enriched and HNLC Waters South of Kerguelen Islands., Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Obernosterer, I., Christaki, U., Lefèvre, D., Malits, A., Van Wambeke, F. and Weinbauer, M., 2006. Natural Iron Fertilization Above the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean): Impact on the Microbial Food Web, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Park, Y., Durand, I. and Fuda, J.L., 2006. Internal Tides and Mixing over the Kerguelen Plateau in Relation to the Vertical Iron Transfer and Primary Productivity, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA

Savoye, N., Trull, T.W., Jacquet, S.H.M. and Dehairs, F., 2006. 234Th-based export production during the KEOPS natural iron fertilization. Does iron fertilization increase the export production, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Wagener, T., Losno, R., Guieu, C. and Bonnet, S., 2006. Atmospheric iron in low dust deposition area, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Zhang, Y., Lacan, F. and Jeandel, C., 2006, dec. Dissolved rare earth elements in the Southern Ocean: Chemical tracers of terrigeneous inputs and water masses in the wake of Kerguelen, AGU Fall Meeting, San Fransisco, USA, pp. Suppl. Abstract OS32B-04.

Dulac, F., Losno, R., Bergametti, G., Triquet, S., Wagener, T., Guieu, C. and Lebourrier, M., 2006. The Balance Between Autotrophic And Heterotrophic Processes During a Phytoplankton Bloom Induced By Natural Fertilisation Above The Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean). Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Ebersbach, F., Trull, T. and Moy, C., 2006. Sinking Particle Properties Determined From Image Analysis of Polyacrylamide Gels Deployed in Drifting Sediment Traps During KEOPS: Implications for Ecosystem Controls on Carbon Export in the Presence of Persistent Natural Iron Inputs, Ocean Science meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Griffith, B. and Uitz, J., 2006. Photosynthetic Parameters, Size-Fractionated Chlorophyll and Primary Production During the KEOPS Expedition East of Kerguelen Island January-February 2005, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Jacquet, S., Cardinal, D., savoye, N. and Dehais, F., 2006. Mesopelagic C mineralization under natural and Fe-amended conditions, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Lefèvre, D., Guigue, C. and Obernosterer, I., 2006. The balance between autotrophic and heterotrophic processes during a phytoplankton bloom induced by natural fertilisation above the Kerguelen plateau (Southern Ocean), Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Losno, R., Wagener, T., Dulac, F., Guieu, C., Triquet, S., Bonnet, S. and Colin, J., 2006. Dust over remote marine areas in the South Hemisphere, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Quéguiner, B. and Mosseri, J., 2006. Impact of Iron Availability on Biogenic Silica Production From two Contrasting Regions of the Southern Ocean, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Sarthou, G., Blain, S. and Laan, P., 2006. Evidence of Iron Fertilisation of the Water Column Above the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean). Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Sligting, M., De Baar, H.W., Timmermans, K., Veldhuis, M., Wernand, M. and van der Woed, H., 2006. Satellite Observations Compared to Ship Borne Fluorescence and Chlorophyll a Measurements near the Isles Kerguelen (Southern Ocean), Ocean Science meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Venchiarutti, C., Jeandel, C., Roy-Barman, M., Pradoux, C., van Beek, P. and Souhaut, M., 2006. 230Th and 231Pa: tracers of water masses and export fluxes in the wake of Kerguelen, Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Zhang, Y., Lacan, F. and Jeandel, C., 2006, July. Dissolved rare earth elements in the Southern Ocean: Chemical tracers of terrigeneous inputs and water masses in the wake of Kerguelen, AGU West. Pac.

van Beek, P., Jacquet, S., Dehairs, F., Reyss, J.L., Thévenet, J., Souhaut, M. and Jeandel, C., 2006. Radium isotopes and dissolved barium to investigate the water mass pathways on the Kerguelen plateau (KEOPS project), Ocean Science Meeting, Hawaii, USA.

Belviso, S., Bopp, L., Aumont, O. and Boucher, O., 2005. Ocean-ice-atmosphere interactions through the emission of traces gases, ASLO summer meeting, Santagio de Compostella, Spain.

Blain, S., 2005. Natural iron fertilization in the ocean, a synthesis of mesoscale iron enrichments, Wellington, New Zeland.

Blain, S., Quéguiner, B. and Jeandel, C., 2004. What can we learn from natural iron fertilization of the ocean? International Conference « the ocean in a high CO2 word », Paris, France.

Références des communications dans des colloques nationaux

BLAIN S. Réponse de l?Océan austral à une fertilisation naturelle grande échelle (KEOPS). Colloque LEFE CNRS/INSU, janvier 2014.

ARMAND L.K., J.WILKS, C. DERRIMAN, A.-M. BALLENGEER, M. LASBLEIZ, K. LEBLANC, B. QUÉGUINER, F. QUÉROUÉ. Interweaving the past and present to understand natural iron fertilisation in the Southern Ocean: the KEOPS2 diatom records. Australian Marine Science Association (AMSA), Gold Coast, juin 2013.

QUÉGUINER B. Kerguelen : Ocean and Plateau compared Study 2. Séminaire ?Changements Environnementaux? de l?ANR, Toulouse, avril 2013.

QUÉGUINER B. KEOPS 2: Kerguelen Ocean and Plateau compared study 2. Réunion Kick-off ANR des projets SIMI6 2010, Paris, janvier 2011.

Jouandet, M.P., Blain, S., Metzl, N., Brunet, C. and Trull, T.W., 2007, 11-12 Sept. Effets d'une fertilisation naturelle sur la pompe biologique de carbone. Iles Kerguelen Ocean Indien sud, Réunion SOLAS France, Paris.

Jouandet, M.P., Blain, S., Metzl, N., Brunet, C. and Trull, T.W., 2007, 5-6 Oct. Étude de la pompe biologique sur le plateau de Kerguelen, 4ème Journées du CNFRA, Paris.

Wagener, T. and Guieu, C., 2005. Biodisponibilité du fer atmophérique en milieu ouvert, Congres de doctorants de l'EDSE, Marseille, France.

Références des rapports de contrats (Union européenne, FAO, Convention, Collectivités ...)

QUÉGUINER B. Projet ANR-10-BLANC-614. KEOPS 2/Kerguelen : Comparaison Plateau Océan 2. Compte-rendu intermédiaire : Rapport de l?atelier de travail post-campagne KEOPS 2, Rapport ANR Blanc SIMI 6, 6 pp.

QUÉGUINER B. Projet ANR-10-BLANC-614. KEOPS 2/Kerguelen : Comparaison Plateau Océan 2. Compte-rendu intermédiaire T0+18, Rapport ANR Blanc SIMI 6, 23 pp.

QUÉGUINER B. Projet ANR-10-BLANC-614. KEOPS 2/Kerguelen : Comparaison Plateau Océan 2. Compte-rendu intermédiaire T0+6. Rapport ANR Blanc SIMI 6, 8 pp.

DEHAIRS F., A.-J. CAVAGNA, J.?L. TISON, F. FRIPIAT, L. ANDRÉ, H. GOOSSE, S. MOREAU, VANCOPPENOLLE M., DELILLE B., HEINESCH B., SCHOEMANN V. Biogeochemical cycles in the Southern Ocean: Role within the Earth system (BIGSOUTH), Scientific Report, Belgian Science Policy (BELSPO), Science for a Sustainable Development (15/12/2010 - 15/12/2012).

DEA ou MASTER 2 ayant utilisé les données de la campagne

GALVEZ ZENTENO Maria Jesus, LOMIC/OO Banyuls/mer, Université Pierre & Marie Curie/Universidad de Santioago de Chile. Heterotrophic bacterial respiratory metabolism under natural iron fertilization and its effect on total bacteri-al production in the Southern Ocean, soutenance prévue en juin 2014.

CHOW Louise, Macquarie University. 2013. Master of Research - 13 week project. 2013. Variation of Chaetoceros resting spores types preserved in seafloor sediments of the Kerguelen Plateau.

GONZALEZ Maria Lorena, Laboratoire International Associé MORFUN (CNRS ? Université Pierre & Marie Curie ?Universidad de Concepción - Universidad Austral de Chile). Nitrogen fixation in HNLC and coastal upwelling zones: Case study in Austral Ocean and Eastern South Pacific, août 2013.

RACHIK Sara, LOMIC/OO Banyuls/mer, Université Pierre & Marie Curie/ Université de Lille 1 et Université du Littoral Côte d?Opale. Abundance and activity of bacterial groups in the naturally iron fertilized region off Kerguelen Island (Southern Ocean), juin 2013

RUBIO TAMAYO Laura, Macquarie University. 2013. Master of Research - 6 week short project. 2013. Thalassiosira antarctica morphological taxonomy project.

WILKS Jessica V., Honours Thesis Macquarie University. 2013. Diatom distribution and community composition vari-ability on the seafloor in a naturally iron fertilised region of the Southern Ocean.

BALLAS Dionysios, Vrije Universiteit Brussel. 2012. Estimation of the carbon export by the biological pump using the 234Th deficit technique: The case of the Kerguelen Island area during KEOPS 2 (Southern Ocean).

HUNTER Robert, LOMIC/OO Banyuls/mer, Université Pierre & Marie Curie. The effect of natural iron fertilization on the diversity and activity of the marine bacterial community: A case study in the Southern Ocean, juin 2012, Universi-teit Gent (Belgique).

RENAUT Sophie, LOMIC/OO Banyuls/mer, Université Pierre & Marie Curie. Etude de la variabilité saisonnière des profils verticaux de chlorophylle (Océan austral, Kerguelen), juin 2012.

SANIAL Virginie, LEGOS/OMP Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier. Utilisation des isotopes du radium pour tracer et chronométrer les masses d'eau au large des îles Kerguelen et Crozet (Océan Austral), juin 2012.

Jouandet Marie Paule pompe biologique de CO2 et distribution des éléments majeurs dissous (C, N, Si) au cours de la campagne KEOPS. Université de la Méditerranée Marseille. Juin 2005

Nowaczkyk Antoine, Étude de la communauté mésozooplanctonique du plateau des kerguelen lors de la campagne KEOPS (Janvier-Février 2005). Distribution des abondances et des biomasses et estimation du broutage. Université de la Méditerranée Marseille. Juin 2005.

Thevenet julien, mesure des istopoes du radium dans l?eau de mer et les particules marines prélevées au cours de la campagne KEOPS (Plateau des Kerguelen). Unviersité Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Juin 2005.

Thèses ayant utilisé les données de la campagne

Panaïotis Thelma (2023). Plankton distribution across scales : contributions from artificial intelligence to plankton ecology. PhD Thesis, Université Sorbonne.

Levier Martin (2022). Développement et utilisation de l'Actinium-227 comme traceur du mélange de l'océan profond / Development and use of Actinium 227 as a tracer of deep ocean mixing. PhD Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay.

Lafond Augustin (2021). Rôle de la biodiversité des diatomées dans la modulation des flux biogéochimiques du carbone et du silicium dans les milieux polaires / Diatom biodiversity and the modulation of biogeochemical fluxes of carbon and silicon in pelagic polar ecosystems. PhD Thesis, Université Aix Marseille.

Sergi Sara (2021). Apport en nutriments par les monts sous-marins et les vents hydrothermaux dans l’océan Austral : effets sur les écosystèmes pélagiques et implications pour la conservation / Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation. PhD Thesis, Université Sorbonne.

Irion Solène (2020). Biodiversité de l'écosystème marin et flux de carbone autour de Kerguelen (Océan Austral) : le rôle du petit phytoplancton à l'échelle de la cellule / Biodiversity of the marine ecosystem and carbon flux around Kerguelen (Southern Ocean) : role of small phytoplankton at the single cell level. PhD Thesis, Universiteì du Littoral Côte d’Opale.

Debeljak Pavla (2019). Le couplage des cycles du carbone et du fer dans l'océan Austral au travers du métabolisme microbien / The coupling of carbon and iron cycles in the Southern Ocean through microbial metabolism. PhD Thesis, Univesité Sorbonne.

Liu Yan (2019). Modèles spatiaux et temporels dans l’association entre diatomées et procaryotes dans l'océan Austral / Spatial and temporal patterns in diatom-prokaryote associations in the Southern Ocean. PhD Thesis, Université Sorbonne.

Tonnard Manon (2018). Etude du cycle biogéochimique du fer : distribution et spéciation dans l’Océan Atlantique Nord (GA01) et l’Océan Austral (GIpr05) (GEOTRACES) / Biogeochemical cycle of Iron : distribution and speciation in the North Atlantic Ocean (GA01) and the Southern Ocean (GIpr05) (GEOTRACES). PhD Thesis, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université de Tasmanie.

Lemaitre Nowenn (2017). Approche multi-proxy (Thorium-234, Baryum en excès) des flux d'export et de reminéralisation du carbone et des éléments nutritifs associés à la pompe biologique océanique / Multi-proxy approach (Thorium-234, excess Barium) of export and remineralization fluxes of carbon and biogenic elements associated with the oceanic biological pump. PhD Thesis, Université de Bretagne Occidentale.

SANIAL Virginie, LEGOS/OMP Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier. Traçage des échanges côte-large, de la circulation et du mélange dans deux régions océaniques clés : Panache des îles Kerguelen (Océan Austral) et Mer des Salomon (Océan Pacifique), soutenance prévue en octobre 2015.

Closset Ivia (2015). Le cycle biogéochimique du silicium dans l'Océan Austral par les approches isotopiques. PhD Thesis, Université Paris 06.

Sackett Olivia Em (2015). Accelerating phytoplankton phenomics through FTIR spectroscopy. PhD Thesis, University of Technology Sydney.

Llort Jordi Joan (2015). Bloom phenology, mechanisms and future change in the Southern Ocean. PhD Thesis, Université Paris 06.

GEORGES Clément, LOG, Université du Littoral Côte d?Opale. Protist community structure during early phytoplank-ton blooms in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean), soutenance prévue en 2014.

LASBLEIZ Marine, MIO, OSU Institut Pytheas, Université d?Aix?Marseille. Dynamique nutritionnelle du phytoplancton, cycles biogéochimiqus du carbone et des éléments biogènes associés (N,P, Si) en fonction de la disponibilité du fer dans l?Océan Austral au cours de la campagne KEOPS 2, soutenance prévue en septembre 2014.

QUÉROUÉ Fabien, LEMAR/IUEM, Université de Bretagne Occidentale/University of Tasmania, Hobart. Trace metals distributions in the Southern and Pacific Oceans, soutenance prévue en avril 2014.

LANDA Marine, LOMIC/OO Banyuls/mer, Université Pierre & Marie Curie. Linking dissolved organic matter sources and bacterial diversity: insights from continuous culture experiments, 16 septembre 2013.

FOURQUEZ Marion, LOMIC/OO Banyuls/mer, Université Pierre & Marie Curie. Rôle des bactéries hétérotrophes dans le couplage des cycles du fer et du carbone dans l?Océan, 24 septembre 2012.

Cavagna A.J. The biological pump in the Southern Ocean: three case-studies - three stable isotopes tools. Ph. D. Thesis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel. 2010

Fripiat François (Université libre de Bruxelles et Musée Royal de l?Afrique Centrale) Biogeochemical cycle of silicon in the Southern Ocean. : The isotopic approach. Soutenue 2010

Chever Fanny (université de Bretagne occidentale,) Spéciation du fer en milieu océanique et interaction avec le réseau trophique. Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 24 Novembre 2009.

Roquet Fabien (Université de paris VI) circulation autour du plateau de Kerguelen. 15 octobre 2009

Jouandet Marie Paule (co-direction Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, LOCEAN université de paris VI)) Cycle du carbone sur la plateau de Kerguelen (KEOPS). 3 décembre 2008.

Vong Lilita (Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille) Biogéochimie des ligands organiques de type tetrapyrole dans l?océan. Conséquences sur le cycle du fer. 14 janvier 2008.

Wagener Thibaut (Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille) le cycle du fer à l?interface océan-atmosphère : flux et processus de dissolution dans de l?eau de mer. 25 janvier 2008.

Jacquet Stéphanie, (co-tutelle Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille). Barium in the Southern ocean : Towards an estimation of twiligth zone C mineralization. Mai 2007.

Venchiautti Célia. (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse) Comprendre la fertilisation naturelle du panache des îles Kerguelen à l?aide d?éléments en traces et isotopes. 14 décembre 2007.

Mosseri Julie (Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille) Processus de contrôle de la structure des communautés autotrophes et cycles biogéochimiques dans l?océan superficiel. (9 octobre 2006)

Bourquin Michael (Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse) Isotopes du radium. En cours