BOUSSOLE

Type	Set of cruises
Chief scientist(s)	GOLBOL Melek , VELLUCCI Vincenzo , ANTOINE David
Project manager	GOLBOL Melek
DOI	10.18142/1
Objective	These are the monthly cruises on the mooring site with a dual objective: 1) verifying the buoy's good operability and the good condition of the mooring along with data download and 2) carrying out a series of additional measurements that are needed either to interpret the continuous measurements taken on the mooring or to acquire additional parameters for marine optics studies. The supplementary measurements include: CTD profiles, HPLC pigments, specific absorption of phytoplankton, particles and dissolved matter, dry weight, descending and ascending underwater radiance profiles, inherent optical property profiles, atmospheric measurements (aerosol optical thickness), reflectance measurements above the surface and using an underway fluorometer to grid the area. The BOUSSOLE site (43°22'N, 7°54'E) is adjacent to the DYFAMED site. It is located in the area declared to Maritime Affairs as a scientific work area and anchorage for scientific instruments (on the nautical charts).

Scientific context

The use of data provided by satellite "ocean color" sensors has gained considerable momentum within the so-called "bio-geochemical" oceanographic community. The information that these observations provide on the phytoplankton biomass of the ocean is indeed important for questions related to:

the oceanic carbon cycle (primary production and associated fluxes),
the role of the ocean in climate change (2D dynamics, assimilation in global models, etc.),
the physics of the ocean mixed layer (influence on vertical heat deposition),
monitoring of coastal areas and fisheries.

However, the measurements made at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) by satellite sensors must be correctly interpreted. For this, it is necessary to:

Maintain an excellent calibration of the instruments;
Use the best possible techniques to extract the useful signal - the "marine signal" - from the total signal that is measured at the TOA;
Correctly invert this signal which informs us about the optical properties of the ocean surface waters.

The BOUSSOLE project is interested in these 3 points.

For these purposes, an optical mooring was installed at the end of 2003 at the "DyFAMed" station, in order to acquire a long-term series of optical properties at this site. The acquisition of such a high-frequency dataset allowed, among other things, to monitor the stability of the observations of the European MERIS sensor (launched in 2002 and stopped in 2012) and to perform its "indirect calibration" in order to bring it to the required level of accuracy. The data were used in a similar way for the validation of other missions (SeaWiFS, MODIS, POLDER, VIIRS, S-GLI, LANDSAT, MSI). The BOUSSOLE dataset has also made it possible to study the causes of the variability in the relationships between optical properties and chlorophyll concentration, which in the long term also means a better interpretation of satellite observations of "ocean color". Numerous fundamental studies in marine optics and bio-optics have also been carried out, in particular within the framework of the ANR "BIOCAREX" project, which relied on BOUSSOLE's recurrent data and allowed the acquisition of additional data.

The BOUSSOLE project has acquired international stature as one of only two long-term optical data acquisition sites (the second being the MOBY site in Hawaii, managed by NOAA and NASA). It is now ready to assume this role for the next decade, in particular in support of the Sentinel 3A and 3B missions (Copernicus, ESA/EUMETSAT).

The quality of BOUSSOLE data cannot be based on the mooring alone, hence the necessity of monthly cruises on the site.

Main results

Summaries of the main publications are presented below according to the different objectives of the BOUSSOLE program and with a focus on recent results :

1. Calibration/validation of satellite observations

Antoine et al., Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (2008)
The purpose here is to show how the specific development of the BOUSSOLE platform (buoy) was carried out (theoretical calculations, basin tests, sea trials, optimization, etc.) and to show that this platform meets the specifications imposed by radiometry measurements. This is an innovative and unique technological result, which could be taken up by other areas of research requiring a stable measurement platform in the open sea.

Antoine et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Ocean (2008)
This paper presents the validation results of products derived from satellite measurements of ocean color for 3 sensors (SeaWiFS and MODIS from NASA and MERIS from ESA), based on BOUSSOLE data. It shows that the BOUSSOLE site is representative of a large part of the bio-optical conditions encountered in the world ocean, and shows that the MERIS sensor is not yet at the level of the others and that an "indirect calibration" using in situ data, as performed for SeaWiFS and MODIS, is necessary. This method is now being implemented at ESA.

Bailey et al., Applied Optics (2008)
This paper jointly uses 3 databases (BOUSSOLE, MOBY buoy in Hawaii and "NOMAD" built on global data) to demonstrate that the indirect calibration techniques used at NASA and based on a single site (MOBY) could be extended to other sites (BOUSSOLE in particular) to obtain more robust results. This paper qualifies, among other things, the BOUSSOLE data in comparison with the data from the MOBY site, considered as a reference.

Banzon et al., Remote Sensing of Environment (2009)
This paper exploits the data collected during the BOUSSOLE-AOPEX campaign (August 2004) to test atmospheric correction methods for ocean color observations in the presence of absorbent desert aerosols, and shows that the absorption properties of the aerosol models used are probably not representative of reality and must be improved to make these corrections possible with the required accuracy.

Zibordi et al., Remote Sensing of Environment (2015)
The authors use the BOUSSOLE database, among a selection of radiometric datasets, to establish the prerequisites of in-situ data for the calibration of water color sensors in a context of climate change. The relationships between the relative uncertainties of the water-leaving radiance and the upper atmosphere radiance are analyzed, and adjustment coefficients are systematically calculated for a single satellite mission using different data sources. The results show, among other things, that the creation of a ocean color database dedicated to climate studies ("Climate Data Records", CDRs) should ideally be based on a long-term main in-situ calibration system (site and radiometry) that has been established and maintained with the objective of improving the accuracy of the adjustment coefficients and thus minimizing possible biases in the satellite products of different missions.

Valente et al., Earth System Science Data (2016)
This paper presents a compilation of ocean color data from several in situ measurement platforms, including BOUSSOLE. The main objective was to implement a methodology to homogenize, perform quality control and synthesize a heterogeneous database for the validation of ocean color satellite products in the framework of the Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI project of ESA). The data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.854832.

Somayajula et al., Applied Optics (2018)
This study focuses on evaluating the performance of different algorithms for estimating the radiation available for photosynthesis (PAR) from satellite data. In particular, the study focuses on algorithms used in oceanic primary production models. The performances of these algorithms have been evaluated using in situ observations collected by the BOUSSOLE buoy under clear and cloudy skies, as well as in the particular case of low solar angles, generally encountered in high or moderate latitudes in winter. The PAR models were composed of the standard NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG) model, the Gregg and Carder (GC) semi-analytical model, and reference tables based on the Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) model. Various combinations of atmospheric inputs, empirical cloud corrections and semi-analytical irradiance models yielded a total of 13 (11 + 2 developed in this study) different PAR products. The results show that 7 out of the 13 PAR products corresponded well to the in situ measurements. In particular, the OBPG model showed the best overall performance. Under partially clear to overcast skies, all methods underestimated the PAR. Model uncertainties mainly depend on the atmospheric products (clouds) used.

Pahlevan et al., Remote Sensing of Environment (2019)
This paper concerns a study on the combination of Sentinel-2 and Landsat data products. By identifying differences in their spectral and spatial sampling, in order to generate interoperable data processing for global water quality monitoring, it is essential to quantify the agreement of the derived data products under various atmospheric and aquatic conditions. The study provides a detailed quantitative assessment of how equivalent Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A/B data products compare to each other, and discusses the implications for differences in downstream products generated via the SeaWiFS Data Analysis System (SeaDAS) software. These products include Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance (?t), marine reflectance (Rrs), as well as biogeochemical properties, such as Total Suspended Solids (TSS).

Valente et al., Earth System Science Data (2019)
This paper presents the second version of the compilation of ocean color data from several in situ measurement platforms, including BOUSSOLE. The main objective was to implement a methodology to homogenize, perform quality control and synthesize a heterogeneous database for the validation of ocean color satellite products in the framework of the Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) project of ESA. The data cover the period from 1997 to 2018. This document also describes the changes in the compilation compared to the previous version (Valente et al., 2016). The data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.898188.

Antoine et al., Remote Sensing (2020)
This paper describes a preliminary design of a possible European infrastructure dedicated to the Ocean Colour System Vicarious Calibration (OC-SVC) named ROSACE (Radiometry for Ocean Colour SAtellites Calibration & Community Engagement) which has been submitted to the space agency EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) in the framework of the call for proposals of the European program Copernicus. The Copernicus program ensures long-term delivery of high-quality, global satellite ocean colour radiometry (OCR) observations from its Sentinel-3 (S3) satellite series carrying the ocean and land colour instrument (OLCI). ROSACE brings together a consortium of three European research institutes, one national metrology institute and two small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and offers an infrastructure at two sites deployed in the Eastern and Western Mediterranean Sea including the BOUSSOLE site, capable of delivering up to about 80 high quality matchups per year for OC-SVC of the S3/OLCI missions. A possible extension of the infrastructure using ProVal-type profiling floats is also presented.

Murakami et al., Journal Of Oceanography (2022)
Vicarious calibration coefficients (kv) of Second-generation GLobal Imager (SGLI) for ocean color processing were derived using in-situ radiometric buoy measurements from MOBY and BOUSSOLE buoys. Two aerosol-model look up tables (LUTs) used in the GCOM-C aerosol retrieval algorithm (LUT-A) and in the previous version of ocean color atmospheric correction algorithm (LUT-B) were tested in the procedures to calculate kv and retrieve remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) and aerosol optical thickness (AOT). The LUT-A with kv from MOBY and BOUSSOLE are currently adopted for the SGLI standard ocean color processing. Improvement is needed, however, to design an optimal LUT suitable for both aerosol and ocean color purposes.

2. Fundamental marine optics

Morel et al., Biogeosciences (2007)
This paper uses the data collected during the BOUSSOLE-AOPEX cruise (August 2004) and the BIOSOPE cruise to quantify optical variability in the near UV (a previously little-known domain). It is shown that the relative proportion of absorption by dissolved substances compared to chlorophyll absorption is much higher in the Mediterranean Sea than elsewhere in the ocean, with a high variability of optical properties in the UV for a given chlorophyll concentration. A ubiquitous relationship between chlorophyll and optical properties in this spectral domain does not seem to exist.

Voss et al., Biogeosciences (2007)
This paper jointly uses data collected during the BOUSSOLE-AOPEX cruise (August 2004) and the BIOSOPE cruise, for the validation of directionality models of the underwater radiative field. It shows that these models are rather efficient for oceanic waters.

Dubuisson et al., Remote Sensing of Environment (2008)
This paper exploits the data collected during the BOUSSOLE-AOPEX cruise (August 2004) to propose a method for determining the altitude of absorbent aerosol plumes from measurements in the oxygen absorption band that equips many ocean color sensors (MERIS and POLDER in particular). The method is validated in comparison with the LIDAR profiles performed during the cruise.

Gernez et Antoine, Journal of Geophysical Research: Ocean (2009)
This paper provides a very complete description, impossible so far due to lack of data, of the rapid fluctuations of near-surface underwater irradiance, and of the relationships between the characteristics of these fluctuations (amplitude and period) and the environmental conditions (surface irradiance, wind, waves, water transparency). The two reviewers of this paper recognized its importance for further studies on these phenomena, thanks to the uniqueness of the BOUSSOLE database.

Gernez et al., Limnology and Oceanography (2011)
The second paper prepared by Pierre Gernez within the framework of his thesis deals with the diurnal variability of optical properties. This work shows, among other things, that diurnal variability exists whatever the season and the trophic regime, and that the characteristics of this variability are strongly related to this regime.

Antoine et al., Limnology and Oceanography (2011)
This is a study coupling BOUSSOLE data with data from two other sites measuring optical properties (BBOP, http://www.icess.ucsb.edu/bbop/Home.html bio-optical component of BATS), and "Feathers & Blooms" in the Santa Barbara Channel (PnB, http://www.icess.ucsb.edu/PnB/PnB.html ), and focusing on the backscattering of marine particles ("b_bp" coefficient). It is shown, among other things, that it can be derived from radiometric measurements using a simple inversion method, even in very clear waters, that there is no floor at the b_bpvalue in clear waters (contrary to what has been published recently), that a global relationship with chlorophyll exists, but that shifts between the cycles of the two parameters are however occasionally possible.

Organelli et al., Applied Optics (2013)
This paper presents the results of models, based on a multivariate regression technique (Partial Least Squares regression technique), developed to detect the size-class composition (pico-, nano-, micro-) of the phytoplankton community from light absorption spectra. The predicted variables are the Chl-a concentration, and the sums of the pigment concentrations associated with each size class. The models, calibrated on a dataset limited to the Mediterranean Sea, show satisfactory performance when applied to the BOUSSOLE data, as well as the ability to restitute very satisfactorily the seasonal and interannual variations of the different variables. The performance of the models developed allows us to expect a continuous estimation of the phytoplankton size structure from inverted absorption coefficients from radiometric measurements.

Organelli et al., Remote Sensing of Environment (2016)

The authors evaluated the performance of several bio-optical inversion models to derive Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) and Colored Detrital Matter (CDM) from satellite measurements, using the BOUSSOLE database. One of the algorithms (GSM, Maritorena et al. 2010) was adjusted to a regional scale using the BOUSSOLE database, and was applied to the SeaWIFS time series to study seasonal variability.

Huot et Antoine, Remote Sensing of Environment (2016)

This paper focuses on the study of bio-optical anomalies on a global scale using ocean color data from the MODIS satellite sensor operated by NASA. Average remote sensing reflectance relationships over three bands are first established in the form of look-up tables and then used to identify and study the anomalies. No anomaly results to be correlated to the Chlorophyll-a at the global scale. Some of the anomalies are highly correlated with other MODIS ocean color products (backscattering coefficient, colored dissolved matter index), others show no significant correlation with other MODIS products. The paper also shows the potential to exploit the anomalies (once the main source of variability is removed) to identify drifts in the sensor response over time series acquired by remote sensing.

Bellaccico et al., Sensors (2019)
This study focuses on the impact of the choice of linear regression method (Type-I or Type-II) to derive bio-optical relationships, both from a theoretical point of view and using specific examples. Standard regression methods were applied to an in situ data set of particulate organic carbon (POC), total chlorophyll (TChla), particulate backscattering coefficient (b_bp) and 19 years of monthly TChla and b_bpocean color data. The results were used to calculate phytoplankton carbon biomass (C phyto) and POC from BGC-Argo float observations, oceanographic cruises and satellite data. These applications show that a wrong choice of method can lead to differences of 23.5% and 13.3% estimation for C phyto and POC respectively. An analysis of the statistical properties of the dataset and a detailed description of the working hypothesis determine the choice of the linear regression method.

Bialek et al., Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (2020)
This paper presents a new methodological framework to assess the uncertainty of ocean color measurements. The study was conducted on multispectral BOUSSOLE data. The uncertainty is evaluated for each component of the measurement equation and the data processing step that leads to the derivation of the remote sensing reflectance. The Monte Carlo method has been chosen to efficiently deal with the complexity of the measurement equation (non-linear) and the input variable correlation. Results are presented for a pre-selected data set suitable for indirect calibration applications. The framework provides an uncertainty value per measurement taking into account the environmental conditions present at the time of acquisition. The method presented helps to understand the importance of the different components of uncertainty and to identify the main contributors. It can be used to effectively improve the performance of the system in the future.

Kheireddine et al., Applied Optics (2022)
This study shows that diurnal cycles in bbp (particulate matter backscatter coefficient) are sufficiently large to generate measurable diurnal variability in ocean reflectance. Biogeochemical quantities such as phytoplankton net primary production, which can be derived from the diurnal bbp signal, can therefore also be derived from the diurnal variability of ocean color radiometry (OCR). This is a promising way of quantifying these quantities on a basin scale, as OCR is now carried out from geostationary platforms that can quantify diurnal changes in ocean reflectance over large ocean areas. To assess the feasibility of this inversion, three numerical inversion algorithms were applied to derive bbp from measured reflectance data: Morel et al 2006 (MOR), Lee et al. 2002 (QAA), Maritorena et al. 2022 (GSM).

3. Bio-optics-Biogeochemistry

Kheireddine et Antoine et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Ocean (2014)
This paper, prepared in the framework of M. Kheireddine's thesis, extends the study of the diurnal variability of the particulate beam attenuation coefficient (c_p) to the particulate backscattering coefficient (b_bp) and the relationship between these two parameters. Diurnal cycles of cp and b_bp are observed in different physical and trophic regimes. The magnitude of diurnal cp variability was greater during the bloom (20-50%) than at any other time of the year, whereas diurnal b_bp cycles do not show significant seasonal variability. The c_pand b_bp minima generally occur at daybreak and are synchronized, while b_bpmaxima are often reached 3-6 hours before the cp maxima, which are generally observed around sunset. These differences in amplitude and timing are interpreted using Mie calculations as variations related to changes in the size distribution of the refractive index of the particles. The differences observed in this study between the diurnal cycles of c_p and b_bp show that they cannot be used interchangeably to determine the daily increase in the particle pool.

Organelli et al., Deep-Sea Research I (2014)
This paper deals with the seasonal dynamics of the absorption coefficients of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and their spectral slope at the BOUSSOLE site. The results show strong seasonal dynamics of CDOM concentration on the water column and of the spectral slope at the surface. The relationship observed at the BOUSSOLE site between CDOM concentration and phytoplankton biomass shows that this content is, at biomass parity, up to 2 times higher than in other oceanic areas, confirming previous studies based on satellite data. This study opens up the possibility of using the CDOM absorption series to test the performance of different reflectance inversion models used by the community.

Barnes et Antoine, Limnology and Oceanography (2014)
This paper is in continuity with the work of P. Gernez and M. Kheireddine. Here the diurnal variations of the particulate beam attenuation and backscattering coefficients (c_p and b_bp) are used separately to estimate the net and gross community production. The daily averages of c_p and b_bpshow good correlation and their seasonal cycles are consistent. However, the results of estimating community production from diurnal cycles of c_p and b_bpare not in good agreement, with better comparisons in bloom periods. When compared to conventional models, based on Chl-a, production estimated from cp is better able to reproduce the seasonal cycle compared to b_bp.

Mayot et al., Journal of Geophysical Research: Ocean (2017)
This paper focuses on the study of the effects of deep convection on the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton communities in the north-western Mediterranean Sea (NWM), their influence on primary production and their potential biogeochemical impact. For this purpose, pigment data from cruises conducted in NWM, including monthly cruises at the BOUSSOLE/DYFAMED station, were analyzed. Primary production rates were derived from a photosynthesis-light model applied to these in situ data. The results confirm that in years associated with an intensive deep convection event, the maximum phytoplankton biomass during spring bloom is greater. During these intense blooms, we observe an increase in the contribution of diatoms to the total phytoplankton biomass as well as in the primary production rate. The appearance of a highly productive bloom is also related to an increase of the area of the bloom and the part of the primary production related to diatoms.

Merlivat et al., Biogeosciences (2018)
This study covers the analysis of two 3-year time series of CO2 fugacity (fCO2) measurements recorded by CARIOCA sensors in the 10-meter surface layer in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea in 1995-1997 and 2013-2015. Changes in pH and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were calculated by combining these data with alkalinity derived from temperature and salinity measurements. The increase in DIC is about 15% higher than the expected increase in equilibrium with atmospheric CO2. This could result from natural variability, for example the increase between the two periods in the frequency and intensity of winter convection events. It could also be the signature of the contribution of the Atlantic Ocean as a source of anthropogenic carbon to the Mediterranean Sea via the Strait of Gibraltar. It is estimated that the part of DIC accumulated over the last 18 years represents about 30% of the total anthropogenic carbon inventory in the Mediterranean Sea.

Bellacicco et al., Deep-Sea Research I (2019)
This paper focuses on the application of wavelet analysis over a 3-year series of high-frequency observation of bio-optical properties (chlorophyll fluorescence, attenuation and backscattering coefficients) at the BOUSSOLE site. The aim is to identify the dominant temporal cycles and their evolutions. The analysis also allowed to identify the temporal relationship between the cycles of the bio-optical properties. Annual, six- and four-month cycles, intra-seasonal (medium and short term) were identified. The periodicities of chlorophyll-a fluorescence, attenuation and backscattering coefficients of particles are well correlated at different time scales and specific seasons. At annual and six- and four-month scales, different bio-optical properties follow quite similar patterns, probably due to physical forcing. Intra-seasonal variability refers to medium-term variations that dominate during the winter and are related to episodic algal bloom events, and short-term variations such as daily variations that prevail during the summer when the water column is stratified.

Pitarch et al., Remote Sensing (2020)
This paper focuses on the particulate backscattering coefficient (b_bp) which is a crucial parameter for the study of ocean biology and the estimation of ocean carbon. The estimation of b_bpfrom the quasi-analytical algorithm (QAAv6) is evaluated using a large in situ database of b_bp and R_rs(Remote-sensing reflectance). Overall, this work demonstrates the high efficiency of QAAv6 in the detection of bbp in the case of in situ and satellite data. But it also highlights the need to increase the number of observations that are severely under-sampled compared to other environmental parameters.

Petit et al., Frontiers In Marine Science (2022)
The aim of this study is to investigate the main sources of natural variability in the in-situ fluorescence signal in the global ocean, in particular the influence of phytoplankton community composition, in the frame of the use of autonomous platforms such as BGC-Argo profiling floats. To this end, a combination of three datasets comprising concomitant measurements of in-situ fluorescence, pigment concentrations and phytoplankton absorption spectra was analyzed. Two datasets cover several contrasting bioregions of the global ocean, while the third consists of a regional time series in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, enabling the effect of phytoplankton community composition on the fluorescence signal to be examined on a global, seasonal and vertical scale. The two main drivers of natural variability in the fluorescence process - light absorption and the quantum yield of phytoplankton fluorescence - were studied in relation to variability in community pigment composition. The results indicate that phytoplankton community composition plays a key role in the relationship between in situ fluorescence signal and the total chlorophyll-a (tchla) concentration. It is suggested that taking phytoplankton community composition into account in the tchla concentration obtained from in situ fluorometers mounted on BGC-Argo floats in particular, would lead to a better estimate of phytoplankton biomass over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales.

4. Recent results

Lazzari et al., Scientific Reports (2024)
This paper focuses on the optimization of a modelling framework coupling a biogeochemical forward model to an inversion bio-optical model (the three-stream light inversion technique). The chosen model is capable to assimilate ocean colour data, i.e. the remote sensing reflectance, and allows an improved correction of model trajectories for the biogeochemical ocean properties based on the information on corresponding bio-optical properties. The model was tuned in a 1D configuration at the BOUSSOLE site by conducting a sensitivity analysis on bio-optical and physiological parameterizations of phytoplankton as compared to a reference parameterization (REF). Two series of experiments were run where the two type of parameters of the REF were perturbed. Resulting modelled bio-optical quantities were compared to in situ data showing that significant improvements to the model could be obtained by adjusting bio-optical parameterizations, whereas modification of photo-physiology led to poor performances or non-relevant improvements. Thus, an optimized version of the model was set-up based on the first series of experiments minimizing errors on chlorophyll-a (EXP-1-Chl-a, Fig. 1). This configuration demonstrated lower bias and better statistical alignment with in-situ measurements across different parameters.

Figure 1: Inversion results for the years 2005 to 2012 at the BOUSSOLE site, black points refers to the model (daily), red and blue to in situ data (monthly and daily respectively). (a-d) Refer to the REF model configuration and (e¿h) to the EXP-1-Chl-a configuration. (a,e) Time series of model-derived Chl-a, FChl-a is derived from fluorescence measurements. (b,f) Time series of phytoplankton absorption coefficient at 442.5 nm (a_PH(442.5)). (c,g) Seasonal variations of non-algal particles absorption coefficient at 442.5 nm (a_NAP(442.5)). (d,h) Time series of chromophoric dissolved organic matter absorption coefficient at 442.4 nm a_CDOM(442.5) with daily (black) and monthly frequency (red). CDOM data are only available from 2011 onwards.

Alvarez et al., Biogeosciences (2023)
The study investigates chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) dynamics in the Northwest Mediterranean Sea with a 1D modelling approach. In particular, a new parameterization of the CDOM cycle is proposed within the Biogeochemical Flux Model (BFM). This parameterization accounts for the interplay between the light- and nutrient-dependent dynamics of local CDOM production (phytoplankton excretion, bacterial production and zooplankton activity) and degradation (bacterial consumption, indirect remineralization and photobleaching), as well as its vertical transport, in addition, the BFM is implemented with better spectral resolution of its bio-optical module. The model was optimized by minimizing output to monthly in situ observations collected at the BOUSSOLE site (Fig. 2) and validated with independent data sets. Then two experiments were run to test the role of biological and physical mechanisms in determining the vertical and temporal patterns of CDOM distribution observed at the BOUSSOLE site. Results show that biology driven biodegradable CDOM production is important in driving the CDOM dynamics during oligotrophy and in the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (i.e. nutrient and light limitations control), and that supply of deep semi-refractory CDOM into the upper layer is important to maintain the higher than average CDOM level with respect to chlorophyll concentration observed at the BOUSSOLE site.

Figure 2: Annually averaged vertical profiles of (a¿b) phytoplankton absorption coefficient at 450 nm (a_PH(450)), (c¿d) non algal particles absorption coefficient at 450 nm (a_NAP(450), and (e¿f) CDOM absorption coefficient at 450 nm (a_CDOM(450) obtained from observations at the BOUSSOLE site (a, c, e) and from the optimized simulation (b, d, f). The thick line in (f) represents the depth of maximum a_CDOM(400) above the 1028.88 isopycnal (z_YSM).

Frouin et al. Frontiers in Remote Sensing (2022)
This article presents the development of a new ocean satellite product, daily mean photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), derived from three spectral bands reflectance measurements by the NASA's EPIC (Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera) aboard the DSCOVR (Deep Space Climate Observatory) satellite. DSCOVR operates from the first Sun-Earth Lagrangian point at about 1 million miles from Earth. This enables several daily observations of the sunlit part of the Earth, thus accounting for diurnal cloud variability as compared to typical polar orbiting ocean colour sensors. The algorithm, based on Frouin et al. (2003), uses a budget approach that does not require distinguishing whether a pixel is clear or cloudy, that is appropriate for the EPIC spatial resolution (10 km at nadir).
Products were validated at three instrumented site BOUSSOLE in the Mediterranean Sea and CCE-1&2 in the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 3). Results showed bias ranging between 0.4 and 2.2 % and RMS ranging between 10.2 and 13.3 % according to different sites and better performance compared to EPAR products derived from polar orbiting satellites (MODIS-Aqua & MODIS-Terra).

Figure 3: Comparison of EPIC, MODIS-Aqua and MODIS-Terra, PAR estimates against in situ data collected at the three evaluation sites (BOUSSOLE, CCE-1, and CCE-2). Left columns are for EPIC, middle columns for MODIS-Aqua, and right columns for MODIS-Terra.

Data acquired and analyses carried out at sea and on shore

From July 2001 to December 2023, 261 monthly BOUSSOLE oceanographic cruises enabled the acquisition of a large database of different physical, optical and biogeochemical parameters in the Ligurian Sea.

Table 1. Summary of the parameters collected during monthly cruises as total number for each year. Deployment and data processing protocols have been described in Antoine et al (2006), which remains essentially valid today. Columns are:

"Cruise N" is the number of scheduled cruise for each year.
"Cruise Days" is the number of available ship days.
"Working days" is the number of days with effective use of the ship. The difference with "Cruise days" is due either to bad weather or other logistic problems (ex. military constraints, ship breakdown).
"SPMR/SMSR" is the number of SeaWiFS Profiling Multichannel Radiometer (SPMR, Satlantic Inc.) profiles with SeaWiFs Multispectral Surface Reference (SMSR).
"C-OPS" is the number of Compact Optical Profiling System (Biospherical Instruments) radiometric profiles.
"CTD/IOPs" is the number of CTD casts, which include temperature, salinity, oxygen (SEABIRD 911+, SBE3, SBE4, SBE43), chlorophyll-a fluorescence (Chelsea MK II Aquatracka), beam transmission (WetLabs C-Star), total absorption coefficient (Hobilabs a-sphere), total backscattering coefficient (Hobilabs Hydroscat-VI) and multispectral beam transmission (Hobilabs Gamma) measurements.
"HPLC" is the number of profiles with water collected for subsequent High Performance Liquid Chromatography pigment analyses and particulate absorption measurements.
"Secchi" is the number of Secchi disk measurements.
"CIMEL" is the number of sun beam attenuation measurements (using a CIMEL CE-317 portable sun photometer).
"TSM" is the number of surface samples for Total Suspended Matter measurements (surface discrete samples).
"CDOM" is the number of hyperspectral absorpion of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter profiles (discrete samples).
"POC" is the number of Particulate Organic Carbon profiles (discrete samples).
"Cyto" is the number of Flow Cytometry profiles (discrete samples) for identification of Prochlorococcus spp, Synecococcus spp, Pico-Eucaryots and Heterotrophic Bacteria.
"TA/TC" is the number of Total Alcalinity and Total Carbonates measurements (discrete samples).
"O2" is the number of dissolved oxygen measurements (discrete samples).
"Metag" is the number of sampling at 4 depths for metagenomic analyses.
"Nuts" is the number of sampling at 4 depths for nutrient salt analysis.
"PIC" is the number of sampling at 3 depths for particulate inorganic carbon measurements.
"Phytoplankton" is the number of sampling at 3 depths for phytoplankton microscopic analysis.
"Cocco" is the number of sampling at 3 depths for microscopic analysis of coccolithophorids.
"pH" is the number of pH measurements.

Table 2. Detail of vertical and spectral resolution of parameters acquired during monthly cruise with derived products.

Published data

Metzl Nicolas, Fin Jonathan, Lo Monaco Claire, Mignon Claude, Alliouane Samir, Antoine David, Bourdin Guillaume, Boutin Jacqueline, Bozec Yann, Conan Pascal, Coppola Laurent, Douville Eric, Durrieu De Madron Xavier, Gattuso Jean-Pierre, Gazeau Frédéric, Golbol Melek, Lansard Bruno, Lefèvre Dominique, Lefèvre Nathalie, Lombard Fabien, Louanchi Férial, Merlivat Liliane, Olivier Léa, Petrenko Anne, Petton Sébastien, Pujo-Pay Mireille, Rabouille Christophe, Reverdin Gilles, Ridame Céline, Tribollet Aline, Vellucci Vincenzo, Wagener Thibaut, Wimart-Rousseau Cathy (2023). A synthesis of ocean total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 1993 to 2022: the SNAPO-CO2-v1 dataset. https://doi.org/10.17882/95414

Valente, André, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Brotas, Vanda, Groom, Steve, Grant, Michael, Jackson, Thomas, Chuprin, Andrei, Taberner, Malcolm, Airs, Ruth, Antoine, David, Arnone, Robert, Balch, William M, Barker, Kathryn, Barlow, Ray, Bélanger, Simon, Berthon, Jean-François, Besiktepe, Sukru, Borsheim, Yngve, Bracher, Astrid, Brando, Vittorio E, Brewin, Robert J W, Canuti, Elisabetta, Chavez, Francisco P, Cianca, Andres, Claustre, Hervé, Clementson, Lesley, Crout, Richard, Ferreira, Afonso, Freeman, Scott, Frouin, Robert, García-Soto, Carlos, Gibb, Stuart W, Goericke, Ralf, Gould, Richard, Guillocheau, Nathalie, Hooker, Stanford B, Hu, Chuamin, Kahru, Mati, Kampel, Milton, Klein, Holger, Kratzer, Susanne, Kudela, Raphael M, Ledesma, Jesus, Lohrenz, Steven, Loisel, Hubert, Mannino, Antonio, Martinez-Vicente, Victor, Matrai, Patricia A, McKee, David, Mitchell, Brian G, Moisan, Tiffany, Montes, Enrique, Muller-Karger, Frank E, Neeley, Aimee, Novak, Michael G, O'Dowd, Leonie, Ondrusek, Michael, Platt, Trevor, Poulton, Alex J, Repecaud, Michel, Röttgers, Rüdiger, Schroeder, Thomas, Smyth, Timothy J, Smythe-Wright, Denise, Sosik, Heidi, Thomas, Crystal S, Thomas, Rob, Tilstone, Gavin H, Tracana, Andreia, Twardowski, Michael S, Vellucci, Vincenzo, Voss, Kenneth, Werdell, Jeremy, Wernand, Marcel Robert, Wojtasiewicz, Bozena, Wright, Simon, Zibordi, Giuseppe (2022). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications - version 3. https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.941318

Merlivat Lilliane, Boutin Jacqueline (2020). Mediterranean Sea surface CO2 partial pressure and temperature data. https://doi.org/10.17882/56709

Golbol Melek, Boutin Jacqueline, Merlivat Liliane, Vellucci Vincenzo, Antoine David (2020). Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Total Alkalinity sampled at Boussole site in the Medditerranean Sea. https://doi.org/10.17882/71911

Valente, André, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Brotas, Vanda, Groom, Steve, Grant, Michael, Taberner, Malcolm, Antoine, David, Arnone, Robert, Balch, William M, Barker, Kathryn, Barlow, Raymond G, Bélanger, Simon, Berthon, Jean-François, Besiktepe, Sukru, Brando, Vittorio E, Canuti, Elisabetta, Chavez, Francisco P, Claustre, Hervé, Crout, Richard, Frouin, Robert, García-Soto, Carlos, Gibb, Stuart W, Gould, Richard, Hooker, Stanford B, Kahru, Mati, Klein, Holger, Kratzer, Susanne, Loisel, Hubert, McKee, David, Mitchell, Brian G, Moisan, Tiffany, Muller-Karger, Frank E, O'Dowd, Leonie, Ondrusek, Michael, Poulton, Alex J, Repecaud, Michel, Smyth, Timothy J, Sosik, Heidi, Twardowski, Michael S, Voss, Kenneth, Werdell, P Jeremy, Wernand, Marcel Robert, Zibordi, Giuseppe (2019). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications - version two. https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.898188

Valente, André, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Brotas, Vanda, Groom, Steve, Grant, Michael, Taberner, Malcolm, Antoine, David, Arnone, Robert, Balch, William M, Barker, Kathryn, Barlow, Raymond G, Bélanger, Simon, Berthon, Jean-François, Besiktepe, Sukru, Brando, Vittorio E, Canuti, Elisabetta, Chavez, Francisco P, Claustre, Hervé, Crout, Richard, Frouin, Robert, García-Soto, Carlos, Gibb, Stuart W, Gould, Richard, Hooker, Stanford B, Kahru, Mati, Klein, Holger, Kratzer, Susanne, Loisel, Hubert, McKee, David, Mitchell, Brian G, Moisan, Tiffany, Muller-Karger, Frank E, O'Dowd, Leonie, Ondrusek, Michael, Poulton, Alex J, Repecaud, Michel, Smyth, Timothy J, Sosik, Heidi, Twardowski, Michael S, Voss, Kenneth, Werdell, P Jeremy, Wernand, Marcel Robert, Zibordi, Giuseppe (2015). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications. https://doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.854832

SeaBASS (2001). BOUSSOLE. https://doi.org/10.5067/seabass/boussole/data001

Bibliography

Publications

Lazzari Paolo, Gharbi Dit Kacem Mirna, Álvarez Eva, Chernov Ilya, Vellucci Vincenzo (2024). Determination of biogeochemical properties in sea waters using the inversion of the three-stream irradiance model. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 22347 (14p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-71457-5 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00916/102761/

Metzl Nicolas, Fin Jonathan, Lo Monaco Claire, Mignon Claude, Alliouane Samir, Antoine David, Bourdin Guillaume, Boutin Jacqueline, Bozec Yann, Conan Pascal, Coppola Laurent, Diaz Frédéric, Douville Eric, Durrieu De Madron Xavier, Gattuso Jean-Pierre, Gazeau Frédéric, Golbol Melek, Lansard Bruno, Lefèvre Dominique, Lefèvre Nathalie, Lombard Fabien, Louanchi Férial, Merlivat Liliane, Olivier Léa, Petrenko Anne, Petton Sébastien , Pujo-Pay Mireille, Rabouille Christophe, Reverdin Gilles, Ridame Céline, Tribollet Aline, Vellucci Vincenzo, Wagener Thibaut, Wimart-Rousseau Cathy (2024). A synthesis of ocean total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon measurements from 1993 to 2022: the SNAPO-CO2-v1 dataset. Earth System Science Data, 16(1), 89-120. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-89-2024 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97094/

Álvarez Eva, Cossarini Gianpiero, Teruzzi Anna, Bruggeman Jorn, Bolding Karsten, Ciavatta Stefano, Vellucci Vincenzo, D’ortenzio Fabrizio, Antoine David, Lazzari Paolo (2023). Chromophoric dissolved organic matter dynamics revealed through the optimization of an optical-biogeochemical model in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Biogeosciences, 20(22), 4591-4624. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4591-2023 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00825/93669/

Ulses Caroline, Estournel Claude, Marsaleix Patrick, Soetaert Karline, Fourrier Marine, Coppola Laurent, Lefèvre Dominique, Touratier Franck, Goyet Catherine, Guglielmi Véronique, Kessouri Fayçal, Testor Pierre, Durrieu De Madron Xavier (2023). Seasonal dynamics and annual budget of dissolved inorganic carbon in the northwestern Mediterranean deep convection region. Biogeosciences, 20(22), 4683-4710. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4683-2023 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00805/91737/

Gong Shaoqi (2023). Extrapolation of upwelling irradiance just beneath the ocean surface from the in-water radiometric profile measurements. Journal Of Oceanology And Limnology, 41(5), 1694-1705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-022-2201-3

Valente André, Sathyendranath Shubha, Brotas Vanda, Groom Steve, Grant Michael, Jackson Thomas, Chuprin Andrei, Taberner Malcolm, Airs Ruth, Antoine David, Arnone Robert, Balch William M., Barker Kathryn, Barlow Ray, Bélanger Simon, Berthon Jean-François, Beşiktepe Şükrü, Borsheim Yngve, Bracher Astrid, Brando Vittorio, Brewin Robert J. W., Canuti Elisabetta, Chavez Francisco P., Cianca Andrés, Claustre Hervé, Clementson Lesley, Crout Richard, Ferreira Afonso, Freeman Scott, Frouin Robert, García-Soto Carlos, Gibb Stuart W., Goericke Ralf, Gould Richard, Guillocheau Nathalie, Hooker Stanford B., Hu Chuamin, Kahru Mati, Kampel Milton, Klein Holger, Kratzer Susanne, Kudela Raphael, Ledesma Jesus, Lohrenz Steven, Loisel Hubert, Mannino Antonio, Martinez-Vicente Victor, Matrai Patricia, McKee David, Mitchell Brian G., Moisan Tiffany, Montes Enrique, Muller-Karger Frank, Neeley Aimee, Novak Michael, O'Dowd Leonie, Ondrusek Michael, Platt Trevor, Poulton Alex J., Repecaud Michel , Röttgers Rüdiger, Schroeder Thomas, Smyth Timothy, Smythe-Wright Denise, Sosik Heidi M., Thomas Crystal, Thomas Rob, Tilstone Gavin, Tracana Andreia, Twardowski Michael, Vellucci Vincenzo, Voss Kenneth, Werdell Jeremy, Wernand Marcel, Wojtasiewicz Bozena, Wright Simon, Zibordi Giuseppe (2022). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications – version three. Earth System Science Data, 14(12), 5737-5770. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5737-2022 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00772/88403/

Fourrier Marine, Coppola Laurent, D’ortenzio Fabrizio, Migon Christophe, Gattuso Jean‐pierre (2022). Impact of intermittent Convection in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea on Oxygen content, Nutrients and the Carbonate system. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 127(9), e2022JC018615 (18p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018615 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00789/90124/

Petit Flavien, Uitz Julia, Schmechtig Catherine, Dimier Céline, Ras Joséphine, Poteau Antoine, Golbol Melek, Vellucci Vincenzo, Claustre Hervé (2022). Influence of the phytoplankton community composition on the in situ fluorescence signal: Implication for an improved estimation of the chlorophyll-a concentration from BioGeoChemical-Argo profiling floats. Frontiers In Marine Science, 9, 959131 (16p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.959131 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00796/90786/

Merlivat Liliane, Hemming Michael, Boutin Jacqueline, Antoine David, Vellucci Vincenzo, Golbol Melek, Lee Gareth A., Beaumont Laurence (2022). Physical mechanisms for biological carbon uptake during the onset of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Biogeosciences, 19(16), 3911-3920. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-3911-2022 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00737/84858/

Murakami Hiroshi, Antoine David, Vellucci Vincenzo, Frouin Robert (2022). System vicarious calibration of GCOM-C/SGLI visible and near-infrared channels. Journal Of Oceanography, 78(4), 245-261. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-022-00632-x , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00750/86246/

Hemming Michael P., Kaiser Jan, Boutin Jacqueline, Merlivat Liliane, Heywood Karen J., Bakker Dorothee C. E., Lee Gareth A., Cobas García Marcos, Antoine David, Shitashima Kiminori (2022). Net community production in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea from glider and buoy measurements. Ocean Science, 18(4), 1245-1262. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1245-2022 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00779/89102/

Grimaudo Roberto, Lazzari Paolo, Solidoro Cosimo, Valenti Davide (2022). Effects of solar irradiance noise on a complex marine trophic web. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 12163 (13p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16236-w , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00796/90785/

Kheireddine Malika, Antoine David, Vellucci Vincenzo, Gentili Bernard (2022). Diel changes of the optical backscattering coefficient of oceanic particulate matter determined from diel changes in apparent optical properties: a case study in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). Applied Optics, 61(19), 5735-5748. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.456216

Álvarez Eva, Lazzari Paolo, Cossarini Gianpiero (2022). Phytoplankton diversity emerging from chromatic adaptation and competition for light. Progress In Oceanography, 204, 102789 (28p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102789 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00779/89106/

Frouin Robert, Tan Jing, Compiègne Mathieu, Ramon Didier, Sutton Marshall, Murakami Hiroshi, Antoine David, Send Uwe, Sevadjian Jeff, Vellucci Vincenzo (2022). The NASA EPIC/DSCOVR Ocean PAR Product. Frontiers In Remote Sensing, 3, 833340 (17p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.833340 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00779/89105/

Barbieux Marie, Uitz Julia, Mignot Alexandre, Roesler Collin, Claustre Hervé, Gentili Bernard, Taillandier Vincent, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Loisel Hubert, Poteau Antoine, Leymarie Edouard, Penkerc'h Christophe, Schmechtig Catherine, Bricaud Annick (2022). Biological production in two contrasted regions of the Mediterranean Sea during the oligotrophic period: An estimate based on the diel cycle of optical properties measured by BGC-Argo profiling floats. Biogeosciences, 19(4), 1165-1194. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2021-123 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00750/86247/

Ciancia Emanuele, Lacava Teodosio, Pergola Nicola, Vellucci Vincenzo, Antoine David, Satriano Valeria, Tramutoli Valerio (2021). Quantifying the Variability of Phytoplankton Blooms in the NW Mediterranean Sea with the Robust Satellite Techniques (RST). Remote Sensing, 13(24), 5151 (20p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13245151 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00858/96947/

Jorge Daniel S.F., Loisel Hubert, Jamet Cédric, Dessailly David, Demaria Julien, Bricaud Annick, Maritorena Stéphane, Zhang Xiaodong, Antoine David, Kutser Tiit, Bélanger Simon, Brando Vittorio O., Werdell Jeremy, Kwiatkowska Ewa, Mangin Antoine, Fanton D'Andon Odile (2021). A three-step semi analytical algorithm (3SAA) for estimating inherent optical properties over oceanic, coastal, and inland waters from remote sensing reflectance. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 263, 112537 (17p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112537 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00700/81225/

Lazzari Paolo, Salon Stefano, Terzić Elena, Gregg Watson W., D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Vellucci Vincenzo, Organelli Emanuele, Antoine David (2021). Assessment of the spectral downward irradiance at the surface of the Mediterranean Sea using the radiative Ocean-Atmosphere Spectral Irradiance Model (OASIM). Ocean Science, 17(3), 675-697. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-675-2021 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00724/83599/

Le Traon Pierre-Yves , D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Babin Marcel, Leymarie Edouard, Marec Claudie, Pouliquen Sylvie, Thierry Virginie , Cabanes Cecile, Claustre Hervé, Desbruyeres Damien , Lacour Leo, Lagunas Jose-Luis, Maze Guillaume , Mercier Herle, Penkerc'h Christophe, Poffa Noe, Poteau Antoine, Prieur Louis, Racape Virginie, Randelhoff Achim, Rehm Eric, Schmechtig Catherine Marie, Taillandier Vincent, Wagener Thibaut, Xing Xiaogang (2020). Preparing the New Phase of Argo: Scientific Achievements of the NAOS Project. Frontiers In Marine Science, 7, 577408 (27p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.577408 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00654/76584/

Białek Agnieszka, Goodman Teresa, Woolliams Emma, Brachmann Johannes F. S., Schwarzmaier Thomas, Kuusk Joel, Ansko Ilmar, Vabson Viktor, Lau Ian C., Maclellan Christopher, Marty Sabine, Ondrusek Michael, Servantes William, Taylor Sarah, Van Dommelen Ronnie, Barnard Andrew, Vellucci Vincenzo, Banks Andrew C., Fox Nigel, Vendt Riho, Donlon Craig, Casal Tânia (2020). Results from Verification of Reference Irradiance and Radiance Sources Laboratory Calibration Experiment Campaign. Remote Sensing, 12(14), 2220 (18p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142220 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00655/76688/

Tilstone Gavin, Dall’olmo Giorgio, Hieronymi Martin, Ruddick Kevin, Beck Matthew, Ligi Martin, Costa Maycira, D’alimonte Davide, Vellucci Vincenzo, Vansteenwegen Dieter, Bracher Astrid, Wiegmann Sonja, Kuusk Joel, Vabson Viktor, Ansko Ilmar, Vendt Riho, Donlon Craig, Casal Tânia (2020). Field Intercomparison of Radiometer Measurements for Ocean Colour Validation. Remote Sensing, 12(10), 1587 (50p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101587 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00629/74135/

Keerthi M. G., Levy M., Aumont Olivier, Lengaigne Matthieu, Antoine D. (2020). Contrasted contribution of intraseasonal timescales to Surface Chlorophyll variations in a bloom and an oligotrophic regime. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 125(5), e2019JC015701 (18p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015701 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00624/73654/

Antoine David, Vellucci Vincenzo, Banks Andrew C., Bardey Philippe, Bretagnon Marine, Bruniquel Véronique, Deru Alexis, Hembise Fanton D’andon Odile, Lerebourg Christophe, Mangin Antoine, Crozel Didier, Victori Stéphane, Kalampokis Alkiviadis, Karageorgis Aristomenis P., Petihakis George, Psarra Stella, Golbol Melek, Leymarie Edouard, Bialek Agnieszka, Fox Nigel, Hunt Samuel, Kuusk Joel, Laizans Kaspars, Kanakidou Maria (2020). ROSACE: A Proposed European Design for the Copernicus Ocean Colour System Vicarious Calibration Infrastructure. Remote Sensing, 12(10), 1535 (53p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101535 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00629/74136/

D’ortenzio Fabrizio, Taillandier Vincent, Claustre Hervé, Prieur Louis Marie, Leymarie Edouard, Mignot Alexandre, Poteau Antoine, Penkerc’h Christophe, Schmechtig Catherine Marie (2020). Biogeochemical Argo: The Test Case of the NAOS Mediterranean Array. Frontiers In Marine Science, 7(120), 16p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00120 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00618/73031/

Bialek Agnieszka, Vellucci Vincenzo, Gentili Bernard, Antoine David, Gorrono Javier, Fox Nigel, Underwood Craig (2020). Monte Carlo-Based Quantification of Uncertainties in Determining Ocean Remote Sensing Reflectance from Underwater Fixed-Depth Radiometry Measurements. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 37(2), 177-196. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-19-0049.1 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00640/75202/

Pitarch Jaime, Bellacicco Marco, Organelli Emanuele, Volpe Gianluca, Colella Simone, Vellucci Vincenzo, Marullo Salvatore (2020). Retrieval of Particulate Backscattering Using Field and Satellite Radiometry: Assessment of the QAA Algorithm. Remote Sensing, 12(1), 77 (16p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010077 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00607/71889/

Tan Jing, Frouin Robert, Jolivet Dominique, Compiègne Mathieu, Ramon Didier (2020). Evaluation of the NASA OBPG MERIS ocean surface PAR product in clear sky conditions. Optics Express, 28(22), 33157-. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.396066

Kramer Sasha J., Siegel David A. (2019). How Can Phytoplankton Pigments Be Best Used to Characterize Surface Ocean Phytoplankton Groups for Ocean Color Remote Sensing Algorithms? Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 124(11), 7557-7574. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015604 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00858/96970/

Sathyendranath Shubha, Brewin Robert, Brockmann Carsten, Brotas Vanda, Calton Ben, Chuprin Andrei, Cipollini Paolo, Couto André, Dingle James, Doerffer Roland, Donlon Craig, Dowell Mark, Farman Alex, Grant Mike, Groom Steve, Horseman Andrew, Jackson Thomas, Krasemann Hajo, Lavender Samantha, Martinez-Vicente Victor, Mazeran Constant, Mélin Frédéric, Moore Timothy, Müller Dagmar, Regner Peter, Roy Shovonlal, Steele Chris, Steinmetz François, Swinton John, Taberner Malcolm, Thompson Adam, Valente André, Zühlke Marco, Brando Vittorio, Feng Hui, Feldman Gene, Franz Bryan, Frouin Robert, Gould Richard, Hooker Stanford, Kahru Mati, Kratzer Susanne, Mitchell B., Muller-Karger Frank, Sosik Heidi, Voss Kenneth, Werdell Jeremy, Platt Trevor (2019). An Ocean-Colour Time Series for Use in Climate Studies: The Experience of the Ocean-Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). Sensors, 19(19), 4285 (31p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/s19194285 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00589/70072/

El Hourany Roy, Abboud-Abi Saab Marie, Faour Ghaleb, Mejia Carlos, Crepon Michel, Thiria Sylvie (2019). Phytoplankton Diversity in the Mediterranean Sea From Satellite Data Using Self-Organizing Maps. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 124(8), 5827-5843. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015131 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00589/70145/

Valente Andre, Sathyendranath Shubha, Brotas Vanda, Groom Steve, Grant Michael, Taberner Malcolm, Antoine David, Arnone Robert, Balch William M., Barker Kathryn, Barlow Ray, Belanger Simon, Berthon Jean-Francois, Besiktepe Suikru, Borsheim Yngve, Bracher Astrid, Brando Vittorio, Canuti Elisabetta, Chavez Francisco, Cianca Andres, Claustre Herve, Clementson Lesley, Crout Richard, Frouin Robert, Garcia-Soto Carlos, Gibb Stuart W., Gould Richard, Hooker Stanford B., Kahru Mati, Kampel Milton, Klein Holger, Kratzer Susanne, Kudela Raphael, Ledesma Jesus, Loisel Hubert, Matrai Patricia, McKee David, Mitchell Brian G., Moisan Tiffany, Muller-Karger Frank, O'Dowd Leonie, Ondrusek Michael, Platt Trevor, Poulton Alex J., Repecaud Michel , Schroeder Thomas, Smythe Timothy, Smythe-Wright Denise, Sosik Heidi M., Twardowski Michael, Vellucci Vincenzo, Voss Kenneth, Werdell Jeremy, Wernand Marcel, Wright Simon, Zibordi Giuseppe (2019). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications - version two. Earth System Science Data, 11(3), 1037-1068. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-1037-2019 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00508/61937/

Bellacicco Marco, Vellucci Vincenzo, Scardi Michele, Barbieux Marie, Marullo Salvatore, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio (2019). Quantifying the Impact of Linear Regression Model in Deriving Bio-Optical Relationships: The Implications on Ocean Carbon Estimations. Sensors, 19(13), 3032 (15p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/s19133032 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69689/

Bellacicco M., Vellucci V., D'Ortenzio F., Antoine D. (2019). Discerning dominant temporal patterns of bio-optical properties in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 148, 12-24. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.04.006 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69690/

Volpe Gianluca, Colella Simone, Brando Vittorio E., Forneris Vega, La Padula Flavio, Di Cicco Annalisa, Sammartino Michela, Bracaglia Marco, Artuso Florinda, Santoleri Rosalia (2019). Mediterranean ocean colour Level 3 operational multi-sensor processing. Ocean Science, 15(1), 127-146. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-127-2019 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69691/

Pahlevan Nima, Chittimalli Sandeep K., Balasubramanian Sundarabalan V., Vellucci Vincenzo (2019). Sentinel-2/Landsat-8 product consistency and implications for monitoring aquatic systems. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 220, 19-29. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.10.027 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69692/

Bellacicco Marco, Ciani Daniele, Doxaran David, Vellucci Vincenzo, Antoine David, Wang Menghua, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Marullo Salvatore (2018). Assessing the Potential Benefits of the Geostationary Vantage Point for Generating Daily Chlorophyll-a Maps in the Baltic Sea. Remote Sensing, 10(12https://), 1944 (12p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121944 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69693/

Leymarie Edouard, Penkerc'h Christophe, Vellucci Vincenzo, Lerebourg Christophe, Antoine David, Boss Emmanuel, Lewis Marion R., D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Claustre Herve (2018). ProVal: A New Autonomous Profiling Float for High Quality Radiometric Measurements. Frontiers In Marine Science, 5(437), 18p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00437 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69694/

Pahlevan Nima, Balasubramanian Sundarabalan V., Sarkar Sudipta, Franz Bryan A. (2018). Toward Long-Term Aquatic Science Products from Heritage Landsat Missions. Remote Sensing, 10(9https://w), 1337 (23p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091337 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69696/

Merlivat Liliane, Boutin Jacqueline, Antoine David, Beaumont Laurence, Golbol Melek, Vellucci Vincenzo (2018). Increase of dissolved inorganic carbon and decrease in pH in near-surface waters in the Mediterranean Sea during the past two decades. Biogeosciences, 15(18), 5653-5662. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5653-2018 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69695/

Mensah Vigan, Roquet Fabien, Siegelman-Charbit Lia, Picard Baptiste, Pauthenet Etienne, Guinet Christophe (2018). A Correction for the Thermal Mass-Induced Errors of CTD Tags Mounted on Marine Mammals. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 35(6), 1237-1252. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0141.1 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00585/69697/

Somayajula Srikanth Ayyala, Devred Emmanuel, Belanger Simon, Antoine David, Vellucci V., Babin Marcel (2018). Evaluation of sea-surface photosynthetically available radiation algorithms under various sky conditions and solar elevations. Applied Optics, 57(12), 3088-3105. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.57.003088

Mayot Nicolas, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Uitz Julia, Gentili Bernard, Ras Josephine, Vellucci Vincenzo, Golbol Melek, Antoine David, Claustre Herve (2017). Influence of the phytoplankton community structure on the spring and annual primary production in the NorthWestern Mediterranean Sea. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 122(12), 9918-9936. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012668 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00378/48962/

Pahlevan N., Sarkar S., Franz B. A., Balasubramanian S. V., He J. (2017). Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) data processing for aquatic science applications: Demonstrations and validations. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 201, 47-56. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.08.033 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00465/57689/

Tilstone Gavin, Mallor-Hoya Silvana, Gohin Francis, Couto Andre Belo, Sa Carolina, Goela Priscila, Cristina Sonia, Airs Ruth, Icely John, Zuehlke Marco, Groom Steve (2017). Which ocean colour algorithm for MERIS in North West European waters? Remote Sensing Of Environment, 189, 132-151. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.11.012 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00359/46995/

Navarro Gabriel, Almaraz Pablo, Caballero Isabel, Vazquez Agueda, Huertas Isabel E. (2017). Reproduction of Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Major Mediterranean Phytoplankton Groups from Remote Sensing OC-CCI Data. Frontiers In Marine Science, 4(246), 16p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00246 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00589/70148/

Di Cicco Annalisa, Sammartino Michela, Marullo Salvatore, Santoleri Rosalia (2017). Regional Empirical Algorithms for an Improved Identification of Phytoplankton Functional Types and Size Classes in the Mediterranean Sea Using Satellite Data. Frontiers In Marine Science, 4(126), 18p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00126 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00468/57983/

Roesler Collin, Uitz Julia, Claustre Herve, Boss Emmanuel, Xing Xiaogang, Organelli Emanuele, Briggs Nathan, Bricaud Annick, Schmechtig Catherine, Poteau Antoine, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Ras Josephine, Drapeau Susan, Haentjens Nils, Barbieux Marie (2017). Recommendations for obtaining unbiased chlorophyll estimates from in situ chlorophyll fluorometers: A global analysis of WET Labs ECO sensors. Limnology And Oceanography-methods, 15(6), 572-585. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10185 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00384/49552/

Organelli Emanuele, Bricaud Annick, Gentili Bernard, Antoine David, Vellucci Vincenzo (2016). Retrieval of Colored Detrital Matter (CDM) light absorption coefficients in the Mediterranean Sea using field and satellite ocean color radiometry: Evaluation of bio-optical inversion models. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 186, 297-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.08.028

Gerbi Gregory P., Boss Emmanuel, Werdell P. Jeremy, Proctor Christopher W., Haentjens Nils, Lewis Marlon R., Brown Keith, Sorrentino Diego, Zaneveld J. Ronald V., Barnard Andrew H., Koegler John, Fargher Hugh, Dedonato Matthew, Wallace William (2016). Validation of Ocean Color Remote Sensing Reflectance Using Autonomous Floats. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 33(11), 2331-2352. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-16-0067.1

Huot Yannick, Antoine David (2016). Remote sensing reflectance anomalies in the ocean. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 184, 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.06.002

Harmel Tristan, Chami Malik (2016). Estimation of daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in presence of low to high aerosol loads: application to OLCI-like satellite data. Optics Express, 24(22), A1390-A1407. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.0A1390 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00465/57692/

Ulses C., Auger P. -A., Soetaert K., Marsaleix P., Diaz F., Coppola L., Herrmann M. J., Kessouri F., Estournel C. (2016). Budget of organic carbon in the North-Western Mediterranean Open Sea over the period 2004-2008 using 3-D coupled physical-biogeochemical modeling. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 121(9), 7026-7055. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC011818

Saulquin Bertrand, Fablet Ronan, Bourg Ludovic, Mercier Gregoire, Fanton D'Andon Odile (2016). MEETC2: Ocean color atmospheric corrections in coastal complex waters using a Bayesian latent class model and potential for the incoming sentinel 3-OLCI mission. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 172, 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.035

Valente Andre, Sathyendranath Shubha, Brotas Vanda, Groom Steve, Grant Michael, Taberner Malcolm, Antoine David, Arnone Robert, Balch William M., Barker Kathryn, Barlow Ray, Belanger Simon, Berthon Jean-Francois, Besiktepe Sukru, Brando Vittorio, Canuti Elisabetta, Chavez Francisco, Claustre Herve, Crout Richard, Frouin Robert, Garcia-Soto Carlos, Gibb Stuartw., Gould Richard, Hooker Stanford, Kahru Mati, Klein Holger, Kratzer Susanne, Loisel Hubert, McKee David, Mitchell Brian G., Moisan Tiffany, Muller-Karger Frank, O'Dowd Leonie, Ondrusek Michael, Poulton Alex J., Repecaud Michel , Smyth Timothy, Sosik Heidi M., Twardowski Michael, Voss Kenneth, Werdell Jeremy, Wernand Marcel, Zibordi Giuseppe (2016). A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications. Earth System Science Data, 8(1), 235-252. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-235-2016 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00346/45674/

Mueller Dagmar, Krasemann Hajo, Brewin Robert J. W., Brockmann Carsten, Deschamps Pierre-Yves, Doerffer Roland, Fomferra Norman, Franz Bryan A., Grant Mike G., Groom Steve B., Melin Frederic, Platt Trevor, Regner Peter, Sathyendranath Shubha, Steinmetz Francois, Swinton John (2015). The Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative: I. A methodology for assessing atmospheric correction processors based on in-situ measurements. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 162, 242-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.11.026

Bayle Severine, Monestiez Pascal, Guinet Christophe, Nerini David (2015). Moving toward finer scales in oceanography: Predictive linear functional model of Chlorophyll a profile from light data. Progress In Oceanography, 134, 221-231. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2015.02.001 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00668/78012/

Sauzede R., Claustre H., Jamet C., Uitz J., Ras J., Mignot A., D'Ortenzio F. (2015). Retrieving the vertical distribution of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community composition from in situ fluorescence profiles: A method based on a neural network with potential for global-scale applications. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 120(1), 451-470. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010355 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00465/57695/

Zibordi Giuseppe, Melin Frederic, Voss Kenneth J., Johnson B. Carol, Franz Bryan A., Kwiatkowska Ewa, Huot Jean-Paul, Wang Menghua, Antoine David (2015). System vicarious calibration for ocean color climate change applications: Requirements for in situ data. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 159, 361-369. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.12.015 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00298/40875/

Navarro G., Alvain S., Vantrepotte V., Huertas I. E. (2014). Identification of dominant phytoplankton functional types in the Mediterranean Sea based on a regionalized remote sensing approach. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 152, 557-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.029

Barnes Morvan, Antoine David (2014). Proxies of community production derived from the diel variability of particulate attenuation and backscattering coefficients in the northwest Mediterranean Sea. Limnology And Oceanography, 59(6), 2133-2149. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2014.59.6.2133 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00298/40876/

Kheireddine Malika, Antoine David (2014). Diel variability of the beam attenuation and backscattering coefficients in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 119(8), 5465-5482. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010007 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00287/39859/

Organelli Emanuele, Bricaud Annick, Antoine David, Matsuoka Atsushi (2014). Seasonal dynamics of light absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the NW Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 91, 72-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2014.05.003

Antoine David, Morel Abdré, Leymarie Edouard, Houyou Amel, Gentili Bernard, Victori Stephane, Buis Jean-Pierre, Buis Nicolas, Meunier Sylvain, Canini Marius, Crozel Didier, Fougnie Bertrand, Henry Patrice (2013). Underwater Radiance Distributions Measured with Miniaturized Multispectral Radiance Cameras. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 30(1), 74-95. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00215.1 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00185/29659/

Saulquin Bertrand, Hamdi Anouar, Gohin Francis, Populus Jacques, Mangin Antoine, D'Andon Odile Fanton (2013). Estimation of the diffuse attenuation coefficient K-dPAR using MERIS and application to seabed habitat mapping. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 128, 224-233. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.002 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22831/

Guinet C., Xing X., Walker E., Monestiez P., Marchand S., Picard B., Jaud T, Authier M., Cotte C., Dragon A. C., Diamond E., Antoine D., Lovell P., Blain S., D'Ortenzio F., Claustre H. (2013). Calibration procedures and first dataset of Southern Ocean chlorophyll a profiles collected by elephant seals equipped with a newly developed CTD-fluorescence tags. Earth System Science Data, 5(1), 15-29. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-15-2013 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00185/29663/

Organelli Emanuele, Bricaud Annick, Antoine David, Uitz Julia (2013). Multivariate approach for the retrieval of phytoplankton size structure from measured light absorption spectra in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). Applied Optics, 52(11), 2257-2273. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.52.002257 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00185/29655/

Ferraris M., Berline Leo, Lombard F., Guidi L., Elineau A., Mendoza-Vera J. M., Lilley M. K. S., Taillandier V., Gorsky G. (2012). Distribution of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean Sea). Journal Of Plankton Research, 34(10), 874-885. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbs049 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30285/

Jaud Thomas, Dragon Anne-Cecile, Vacquie Garcia Jade, Guinet Christophe (2012). Relationship between Chlorophyll a Concentration, Light Attenuation and Diving Depth of the Southern Elephant Seal Mirounga leonina. Plos One, 7(10), e47444 (10p.). Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047444 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00589/70150/

Xing Xiaogang, Claustre Herve, Blain Stephane, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Antoine David, Ras Josephine, Guinet Christophe (2012). Quenching correction for in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence acquired by autonomous platforms: A case study with instrumented elephant seals in the Kerguelen region (Southern Ocean). Limnology And Oceanography-methods, 10, 483-495. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2012.10.483 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35965/

Lavigne H., D'Ortenzio F., Claustre H., Poteau A. (2012). Towards a merged satellite and in situ fluorescence ocean chlorophyll product. Biogeosciences, 9(6), 2111-2125. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2111-2012 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00858/96972/

Blum M., Rozanov V. V., Burrows J. P., Bracher A. (2012). Coupled ocean-atmosphere radiative transfer model in the framework of software package SCIATRAN: Selected comparisons to model and satellite data. Advances In Space Research, 49(12), 1728-1742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2012.02.012

Doron Maeva, Babin Marcel, Hembise Odile, Mangin Antoine, Garnesson Philippe (2011). Ocean transparency from space: Validation of algorithms estimating Secchi depth using MERIS, MODIS and SeaWiFS data. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 115(12), 2986-3001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.05.019

Roquet Fabien, Charrassin Jean-Benoit, Marchand Stephane, Boehme Lars, Fedak Mike, Reverdin Gilles, Guinet Christophe (2011). Delayed-Mode Calibration of Hydrographic Data Obtained from Animal-Borne Satellite Relay Data Loggers. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 28(6), 787-801. https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHO801.1

Mella-Flores D., Mazard S., Humily F., Partensky F., Mahe F., Bariat L., Courties C., Marie D., Ras J., Mauriac R., Jeanthon C., Bendif El Mahdi, Ostrowski M., Scanlan D. J., Garczarek L. (2011). Is the distribution of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus ecotypes in the Mediterranean Sea affected by global warming? Biogeosciences, 8(9), 2785-2804. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2785-2011 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00133/24402/

Lee Zhong Ping, Du Keping, Voss Kenneth J., Zibordi Giuseppe, Lubac Bertrand, Arnone Robert, Weidemann Alan (2011). An inherent-optical-property-centered approach to correct the angular effects in water-leaving radiance. Applied Optics, 50(19), 3155-3167. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.50.003155

Xing Xiaogang, Morel Andre, Claustre Herve, Antoine David, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Poteau Antoine, Mignot Alexandre (2011). Combined processing and mutual interpretation of radiometry and fluorimetry from autonomous profiling Bio-Argo floats: Chlorophyll a retrieval. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 116, -. https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JC006899

Antoine David, Siegel David A., Kostadinov Tihomir, Maritorena Stephane, Nelson Norm B., Gentili Bernard, Vellucci Vincenzo, Guillocheau Nathalie (2011). Variability in optical particle backscattering in contrasting bio-optical oceanic regimes. Limnology And Oceanography, 56(3), 955-973. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.0955

Gernez Pierre, Antoine David, Huot Yannick (2011). Diel cycles of the particulate beam attenuation coefficient under varying trophic conditions in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Observations and modeling. Limnology And Oceanography, 56(1), 17-36. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.1.0017

Mignot A., Claustre H., D'Ortenzio F., Xing X., Poteau A., Ras J. (2011). From the shape of the vertical profile of in vivo fluorescence to Chlorophyll-a concentration. Biogeosciences, 8(8), 2391-2406. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2391-2011 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35968/

Heimbuerger Lars-Eric, Cossa Daniel, Marty Jean-Claude, Migon Christophe, Averty Bernard, Dufour Aurelie, Ras Josephine (2010). Methyl mercury distributions in relation to the presence of nano- and picophytoplankton in an oceanic water column (Ligurian Sea, North-western Mediterranean). Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(19), 5549-5559. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2010.06.036 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00013/12415/

Maritorena Stephane, D'Andon Odile Hembise Fanton, Mangin Antoine, Siegel David A. (2010). Merged satellite ocean color data products using a bio-optical model: Characteristics, benefits and issues. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 114(8), 1791-1804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.04.002

Birol Florence, Cancet M., Estournel C. (2010). Aspects of the seasonal variability of the Northern Current (NW Mediterranean Sea) observed by altimetry. Journal Of Marine Systems, 81(4), 297-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.01.005

Ternon E., Guieu C., Loye-Pilot M. -D., Leblond N., Bosc E., Gasser B., Miquel J. -C., Martin J. (2010). The impact of Saharan dust on the particulate export in the water column of the North Western Mediterranean Sea. Biogeosciences, 7(3), 809-826. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-809-2010 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00309/42028/

Morel Andre (2009). Are the empirical relationships describing the bio-optical properties of case 1 waters consistent and internally compatible? Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 114(C01016), 15p. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004803

Morel A., Gentili B. (2009). The dissolved yellow substance and the shades of blue in the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeosciences, 6(11), 2625-2636. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-6-2625-2009 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00589/70151/

Gernez Pierre, Antoine David (2009). Field characterization of wave-induced underwater light field fluctuations. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 114(C06025), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC005059

Banzon V. F., Gordon H. R., Kuchinke C. P., Antoine D., Voss K. J., Evans R. H. (2009). Validation of a SeaWiFS dust-correction methodology in the Mediterranean Sea: Identification of an algorithm-switching criterion. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 113(12), 2689-2700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.08.007

Dubuisson Philippe, Frouin Robert, Dessailly David, Duforet Lucile, Leon Jean-François, Voss Kenneth, Antoine David (2009). Estimating the altitude of aerosol plumes over the ocean from reflectance ratio measurements in the O-2 A-band. Remote Sensing Of Environment, 113(9), 1899-1911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.018

Niewiadomska Katarzyna, Claustre Herve, Prieur Louis, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio (2008). Submesoscale physical-biogeochemical coupling across the Ligurian Current (northwestern Mediterranean) using a bio-optical glider. Limnology And Oceanography, 53(5 part.2), 2210-2225. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2008.53.5_part_2.2210

Antoine David, Guevel Pierre, Deste Jean-Francois, Becu Guislain, Louis Francis, Scott Alec J., Bardey Philippe (2008). The "BOUSSOLE" buoy - A new transparent-to-swell taut mooring dedicated to marine optics: Design, tests, and performance at sea. Journal Of Atmospheric And Oceanic Technology, 25(6), 968-989. https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JTECHO563.1

Antoine David, D'Ortenzio Fabrizio, Hooker Stanford B., Becu Guislain, Gentili Bernard, Tailliez Dominique, Scott Alec J. (2008). Assessment of uncertainty in the ocean reflectance determined by three satellite ocean color sensors (MERIS, SeaWiFS and MODIS-A) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE project). Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 113(C07013), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004472

Bailey Sean W., Hooker Stanford B., Antoine David, Franz Bryan A., Werdell P. Jeremy (2008). Sources and assumptions for the vicarious calibration of ocean color satellite observations. Applied Optics, 47(12), 2035-2045. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.47.002035

Morel André, Huot Yannick, Gentili Bernard, Werdell P. Jeremy, Hooker Stanford B., Franz Bryan A. (2007). Examining the consistency of products derived from various ocean color sensors in open ocean (Case 1) waters in the perspective of a multi-sensor approach. Remote Sensing of Environment, 111(1), 69-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.03.012

Morel A., Claustre H., Antoine D., Gentili B. (2007). Natural variability of bio-optical properties in Case 1 waters: attenuation and reflectance within the visible and near-UV spectral domains, as observed in South Pacific and Mediterranean waters. Biogeosciences, 4(5), 913-925. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-913-2007 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00209/32012/

Voss K. J., Morel A., Antoine D. (2007). Detailed validation of the bidirectional effect in various Case 1 waters for application to ocean color imagery. Biogeosciences, 4(5), 781-789. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-781-2007 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00209/32011/

References of Articles published in other Periodicals or Scientific Works acclaimed in the Field

Mayot N, Nival P, Levy M (2020) Primary Production in the Ligurian Sea. The Mediterranean Sea in the Era of Global Change 1. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119706960.ch6

Prieur L, D'Ortenzio F, Taillandier V, Testor P (2020) Physical Oceanography of the Ligurian Sea. The Mediterranean Sea in the Era of Global Change 1. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119706960.ch3

Coppola L, Boutin J, Gattuso JP, Lefèvre D, Metzl N (2020) The carbonate system in the Ligurian Sea. The Mediterranean Sea in the Era of Global Change 1. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119706960.ch4

D'Ortenzio F, Prieur L (2012) The upper mixed layer, in "Life in the Mediterranean Sea: A look at habitat changes", Noga Stambler ed., Nova Science Publisher, pp 127-156. www.obs-vlfr.fr/Boussole/html/publications/pubs/Dortenzio_and_Prieur_Book_Chapter_12.pdf

Antoine, D. M. Chami, H. Claustre, F. D'Ortenzio, A. Morel, G. Bécu, B. Gentili, F. Louis, J. Ras, E. Roussier, A.J. Scott, D. Tailliez, S. B. Hooker, P. Guevel, J.-F. Desté, C. Dempsey and D. Adams (2006). BOUSSOLE : a joint CNRS-INSU, ESA, CNES and NASA Ocean Color Calibration And Validation Activity. NASA Technical memorandum N° 2006-214147, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, 61 pp. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20070028812.pdf

Antoine D, Morel A, Babin M, Claustre H (2002) Measurements and modeling of apparent optical propertis of ocean waters in support to ocean color data calibration, validation and merging. NASA Technical memorandum N° 2002-210005, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, 184 pp. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20020044098

References of Articles published in periodicals and magazines for the general public

Mathilde Frénois, Du violet au vert, la Grande Bleue pas forcément bleue (2018). 20 minutes, édition Nice Côte d'Azur, 17 octobre 2018, n°3339, 2.

Sophie Casals, Ils mesurent la couleur de la mer?pour le bien de tous (2018). Nice-Matin, 1er octobre 2018, 7.

Cailloce Laure. On a pris la mer avec les vigies de la Méditerranée (2017). Journal du CNRS, Hiver 2017, trimestriel, 44-46.

Cailloce Laure. Téthys II, vigies de la Méditerranée (2017). Carnets de Sciences - La revue du CNRS, numéro 2, n°2, février 2017, 109-113.

Antoine D (2013) A clearer way to see the sea. International innovation, Research Media Ltd Ed., UK, August, 35-37.

Azar Khalatbari, Mesurer la désertification des océans (2008). Journal du CNRS, n°221, juin 2008, 13.

References of International Seminar Communications

Pitarch J, Claustre H, Leymarie E, Poteau A, Vellucci V, Massi L, Organelli E (2024) Bias compensation of photosynthetic available radiation from multispectral downwelling irradiance profiles. Ocean Optics Conference XXVI, Las Palmas 06-11 Octobre.

Tilstone G, Jordan T, Dall'Olmo G, Hieronymi M, Ruddick K, Beck M, Ligi M, Costa M, D'Alimonte D, Vellucci V, Vansteenwegen D, Bracher A, Kuusk J, Vabson V, Anso I, Vendt R, Zibordi G, Donlon C, Casal T, Aurin D, Kovach C, Ondrusek M, Brando V, Lerebourg C, Deru A, Ramsay A, Bialek A, Gossn JI, Kwiatkowska E, Field Intercomparison of Radiometer Fiducial Reference Measurements for Ocean Colour Validation, 8th Sentinel-3 Validation Team meeting, 5-7 December 2023, Darmstadt, Germany.

D Antoine, Vellucci V (2022) Using the long-term BOUSSOLE time series measurements for S-GLI ocean colour System Vicarious Calibration, and for validation of geophysical products, january 2022 update. GCOM-C joint PI workshop, Virtual Conference, january 2022.

Ciancia E, Lacava T, Pergola N, Vellucci V, Antoine D, Satriano V, Tramutoli V Assessment of phytoplankton bloom variability in NW Med Sea by the Robust Satellite Techniques (RST)?, 5th Oceans from Space Symposium, 24-28 October 2022, Venice, Italy.

Vellucci V, AC Banks, A Bialek , D Antoine, N Fox, P Green, M Bretagnon, V Bruniquel, A Deru, OH Fanton d'Andon, C Lerebourg, A Mangin, D Crozel, S Victori, D Androulakis, AP Karageorgis, G Petihakis, S Psarra, M Golbol, E Leymarie, S Hunt, J Kuusk, K Laizans, N Kalivitis, M Kanakidou, B Gentili, M Chatziparaschos, N Daskalakis (2021) Recent Advances for ROSACE: A European Design for the Copernicus Ocean Colour System Vicarious Calibration Infrastructure. Second international Operational Satellite Oceanography (OSO) Symposium, Virtual Conference 25-27 may 2021.

D Antoine, Vellucci V (2021) Using the long-term BOUSSOLE time series measurements for S-GLI ocean colour System Vicarious Calibration, and for validation of geophysical products, january 2021 update. GCOM-C joint PI workshop, Virtual Conference, january 2021.

Lazzari P, Alvarez E, Terzic E, Salon S, Organelli E, D'Ortenzio F, Vellucci V (2020) Simulating bio-optical properties in the Mediterranean Sea. EGU General Assembly, Vienne (Austria) 4-8 Mai.

Lazzari P, Terzic E, Organelli E, Salon S, Cossarini G, D'Ortenzio F, Vellucci V (2020) The BIOPTIMOD Project: Integration of Novel Satellite and BGC-Argo Optical Observations in CMEMS Biogeochemical Models. Ocean Science Meeting, San Diego, 16-21 February.

Terzic E, Lazzari P, Salon S, Gregg WW, Organelli E, D'Ortenzio F, Vellucci V (2020) Atmospheric and in-water radiative transfer model validation with BGC-Argo float data in the Mediterranean Sea. Ocean Science Meeting, San Diego, 16-21 February.

Vellucci V, Golbol M, Antoine D (2020) Retrieval of hyperspectral CDOM absorption with integrating cavity sphere. EGU General Assembly, Vienne (Austria) 4-8 Mai. Abstract only.

Coppola L, Merlivat L, Boutin J, Lefevre D, Bozzano R, Pensieri S, Testor P, Vellucci V, Golbol M, Diamond-Riquier E, Gojak C (2019) Last biogeochemical results from an integrated open-sea network in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. EGU General Assembly, Vienna 07-12 April.

Lazzari P, Cossarini G, Salon S, Teruzzi A, Solidoro C, D'Ortenzio F, Vellucci V, Organelli E (2019) The BIOPTIMOD Project: Integration Of Novel Satellite And In Situ Optical Observations In CMEMS Biogeochemical Models. EGU General Assembly, Vienna 07-12 April.

Leymarie E, Penkerc'h C, Vellucci V, Lerebourg C, Antoine D, Boss E, Lewis MR, Claustre H (2019) A profling float dedicated to radiometric measurements. IOCCG IOCS 2019 meeting, Busan, 09-12 April.

Vellucci V, Antoine D, Leymarie E, Golbol M, Lerebourg C, Bourg L (2018). Validation of L2 OLCI products with mooring, profiling floats and ship observations. ESA/EUMETSAT S3VT Meeting, Darmstadt 13-15 March 2018.

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2018) Heading to our 20s; some reflections from the BOUSSOLE project. The Fiducial Reference Measurement Network for Satellite Ocean Colour, NPL, Teddington 4-5 October.

Bellacicco M, Ciani D, Marullo S, Doxaran D, Wang M, Vellucci V, Antoine D, D'Ortenzio F (2018) Benefits of a geostationary sensor for daily satellite biogeochemical products. Ocean Optics Conference XXIV, Dubrovnik 07-12 Octobre.

Bialek A et al. (2018) FRM4SOC LCE-1 The Fiducial Reference Measurement Network for Satellite Ocean Colour, NPL, Teddington 4-5 October.

Golbol M, Vellucci V, Antoine D, Bricaud A, Organelli E (2018) IOPs measurements during BOUSSOLE monthly cruises (NW Mediterrannean Sea). Ocean Optics Conference XXIV, Dubrovnik 07-12 Octobre.

Jorge D, Loisel H, Dessailly D, Meriaux X, Bricaud A, Gentili B, Stramski D, Antoine D, Siegel DA, Zheng G, Werdell J, Bélanger S, Kutser T, Vellucci V, Zhang X, Mangin A (2018) Evaluation of the performance of inversion algorithms to assess phytoplankton and colored detrital matter absorption coeffcients from OLCI/Sentinel-3 observations. Ocean Optics Conference XXIV, Dubrovnik, 07-12 Octobre.

Lazzari P, Cossarini G, Salon S, Solidoro C, D'Ortenzio F, Vellucci V, Organelli E (2018) The BIOPTIMOD Project: Integration Of Novel Satellite And In Situ Optical Observations In CMEMS Biogeochemical Models. MED 2018 Conference, Frascati, 11-12 December.

Lerebourg C, Bourg L, Lamquin N, Mangin A, Garnesson P, Leymarie E, Vellucci V, Jaegler T (2018) OLCI performance status. Level-2 validation and Level-3 inter comparison. ESA/EUMETSAT S3VT Meeting, Darmstadt 13-15 March.

Leymarie E, Penkerc'h C, Vellucci V, Lerebourg C, Antoine D, Boss E, Lewis M, Uitz J, D'Ortenzio F, Claustre H (2018) Proval: a profling float dedicated to radiometric measurements. Ocean Optics Conference XXIV, Dubrovnik, 07-12 Octobre.

Tilston G et al. (2018) FRM4SOC FICE-AAOT. The Fiducial Reference Measurement Network for Satellite Ocean Colour, NPL, Teddington 4-5 October.

Bialek A, Vellucci V, Greenwell C, Fox N, Antoine D (2017). Hyperspectral instruments the valuable but challenging way forward IOCCG IOCS 2017 meeting, Lisbon, 15-19 May 2017.

Hemmings M, Kaiser I, Heywood K, Bakker D, Boutin J, Shitashima K, Lee G, , Cobas-Garcia M, Vellucci V (2017). High-resolution measurements obtained from a glider in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea during the spring bloom Good Hope for Earth Sciences IAPSO-IAMAS-IAGA meeting, Cape Town, 27 Aug-1 Sep 2017.

Alhammoud B, Vellucci V, Serra R, Lerebourg C, Jackson J, Clerc S, Thepaut O, Bourg L, Martin-Lauzer FR, Mangin A, Goryl P, Gascon F (2017) Intercomparison of Sentinel-2/MSI, Sentinel-3/OLCI and MERIS Level-1 and Level-2 products using absolute vicarious calibration over Rayleigh scattering, Sun glint and in-situ measurements. Options for future European satellite OCR vicarious adjustment infrastructure for the Sentinel- 3 OLCI and Sentinel-2 MSI series,ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 February 2017. https://frm4soc.org/wp-content/uploads/filebase/FRM4SOC-WKP1-D240-Workshop_Report_PROC-1_v1.1_signedESA.pdf

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2017) Boussole overview. Options for future European satellite OCR vicarious adjustment infrastructure for the Sentinel-3 OLCI and Sentinel-2 MSI series,ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 February 2017. https://frm4soc.org/wp-content/uploads/filebase/FRM4SOC-WKP1-D240-Workshop_Report_PROC-1_v1.1_signedESA.pdf

Antoine D, Vellucci V, Leymarie E, Gentili B (2017) Boussole data processing. Options for future European satellite OCR vicarious adjustment infrastructure for the Sentinel-3 OLCI and Sentinel-2 MSI series,ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 February 2017. https://frm4soc.org/wp-content/uploads/filebase/FRM4SOC-WKP1-D240-Workshop_Report_PROC-1_v1.1_signedESA.pdf

Bialek A, Vellucci V, Gentili B, Antoine D, Fox N (2017) Boussole uncertainty. Options for future European satellite OCR vicarious adjustment infrastructure for the Sentinel-3 OLCI and Sentinel-2 MSI series,ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 February 2017. https://frm4soc.org/wp-content/uploads/filebase/FRM4SOC-WKP1-D240-Workshop_Report_PROC-1_v1.1_signedESA.pdf

Leymarie E, Penkerc'h C, Vellucci V, Lerebourg C, Antoine D, Claustre H (2017) . ProVal - First data from a new Argo profiler dedicated to high quality radiometric measurements. Options for future European satellite OCR vicarious adjustment infrastructure for the Sentinel-3 OLCI and Sentinel-2 MSI series,ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 February 2017. https://frm4soc.org/wp-content/uploads/filebase/FRM4SOC-WKP1-D240-Workshop_Report_PROC-1_v1.1_signedESA.pdf

Vellucci V, Antoine D (2017) Boussole status. Options for future European satellite OCR vicarious adjustment infrastructure for the Sentinel-3 OLCI and Sentinel-2 MSI series,ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 February 2017. https://frm4soc.org/wp-content/uploads/filebase/FRM4SOC-WKP1-D240-Workshop_Report_PROC-1_v1.1_signedESA.pdf

Vellucci V, Antoine D, Leymarie E, Gentili B, Golbol M, Lerebourg C, Bourg L (2017). Validation of Sentinel-3A OLCI products using a combination of mooring, profiling float and ship observations. S3VT meetinge, Frascati, 15-17 February 2017.

Bellacicco M, Antoine D, Vellucci V, D'Ortenzio F (2017) A wavelet analysis on high frequency bio-optical properties in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea(BOUSSOLE site). IOCCG IOCS 2017 meeting, Lisbon, 15- 19 May 2017.

Boutin J, Merlivat L, Antoine D, Beaumont L, Golbol M, Vellucci V (2017) Hourly to Decadal variability of sea surface carbon parameters in the north western Mediteranean Sea. EGU General Assembly,Vienna 23-28 April 2017.

Roesler C, Vellucci V, Uitz J, Kramer S, Antoine D, Claustre H, Drapeau S, Ras J (2017) Constructing In Situ Data Sets for Phytoplankton Functional Type Product Validation, ASLO 2017 Aquatic Science Meeting,. Honolulu, Hawaii, February 26 - March 3 2017.

Bourg L., B. Alhammoud, D. Antoine, S. Belanger, N. Chapron, H. Claustre, E. Devred, J. Fischer, P. Garnesson, P. Goryl, N. Lamquin, C. Lerebourg, H. Loisel, A. Mangin, R. Preusker, V. Vellucci, G. Zibordi, 2016. Sentinel-3 calibration and validation for OLCI Ocean Colour products: early results from Mission Performance Centre. ESA Living Planet Symposium 2016, Prague, 9-13 May 2016.

Bialek A., V. Vellucci, B. Gentili, D. Antoine, C. Underwood, N. Fox, 2016. An uncertainty budget for the BOUSSOLE radiometry, as derived using a Monte Carlo Method. Ocean Optics XXIII Conference, Victoria, 23-28 October 2016.

Bruniquel J., O. Fanton d'Andon, D. Smith, E. Polehampton, M. Etxaluze, L. Bourg, C. Henocq, P. Goryl, B. Alhammoud, D. Antoine, S. Bélanger, C. Brockmann, N. Chapron, H. Claustre, J. Dash, E. Devred, J. Fischer, S. Labroue, M. Raynal, P. Féménias, N. Picot, A. Guillot, A.S. Muir, S. Baker, A. Shepherd, D. Brockley, M. McMillan, G. Quartly, F. Rouffi, 2016. Calibration and validation of Sentinel-3 products: early results from commissioning phase by the Sentinel-3 Mission Performance Centre. ESA Living Planet Symposium 2016, Prague, 9-13 May 2016.

Golbol M., V. Vellucci, A. Bricaud, D. Antoine, B. Gentili, E. Diamond, 2016. Relationships between inherent optical properties and biogeochemical parameters in the NW Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). Ocean Optics XXIII Conference, Victoria, 23-28 October 2016.

Goryl P., M. Bouvet, S. Delwart, J.P. Huot, L. Bourg, N. Lamquin, C. Lerebourg, P. Garnesson, J. Demaria, V. Bruniquel, C. Brockmann, R. Doerffer, R. Santer, J. Fisher, F. Zagolski, G. Moore, C. Mazeran, D. Ramon, N. Gobron, J. Dash, D. Antoine, V. Vellucci, B. Alhammoud, 2016. Fourth MERIS data reprocessing. ESA Living Planet Symposium 2016, Prague, 9-13 May 2016.

Huot M., D. Antoine, 2016. Seasonal variation in daily patterns of the quantum yield of fluorescence. Ocean Optics XXIII Conference, Victoria, 23-28 October 2016.

Lerebourg C., L. Bourg, N. Lamquin, N. Chapron, A. Mangin, P. Goryl, D. Antoine, V. Vellucci, H. Claustre, N. Gobron, G. Zibordi, J. Dash, B. Alhammoud, M. Babin, E. Devred , S. Belanger, 2016. Implementation of OLCI level 2 products validation. ESA Living Planet Symposium 2016, Prague, 9-13 May 2016.

Lerebourg C., L. Bourg, N. Lamquin, N. Chapron, P. Goryl, D. Antoine, V. Vellucci, H. Claustre, G. Zibordi, B. Alhammoud, S. Belanger, 2016. Sentinel-3 Mission Performance Centre (S3-MPC), preliminary assessment of OLCI level-2 and level-3 products. Ocean Optics XXIII Conference, Victoria, 23-28 October 2016.

Vellucci V., D. Antoine, E. Leymarie, B. Gentili, M. Golbol, C. Lerebourg, L. Bourg, 2016. First validation of Sentinel-3A OLCI products using a combination of mooring, profiling float and ship observations. Ocean Optics XXIII Conference, Victoria, 23-28 October 2016.

Kheireddine, M., and D. Antoine, 2015. Deriving diel changes of the backscattering coefficient of oceanic particulate matter from diel changes in apparent optical properties: a case study in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site). IOCCG IOCS 2015 meeting, San Francisco, 15-18 June 2015.

Wilson, S.J., D. Antoine, and U. Send, 2015. A Moored Description of the Annual Spring Bloom in the Northwest Mediterranean Sea, IOCCG IOCS 2015 meeting, San Francisco, 15-18 June 2015.

Barnes M. and D. Antoine, 2014. Diel- to seasonal-scale variations of the spectral slope of particulate backscattering in the NW Mediterranean. Ocean Optics XXII conference, Portland (ME), 27-31 Octobre 2014.

Golbol M., V. Vellucci, D. Antoine, M. Kheireddine, E. Organelli, M. Barnes, A. Bricaud, J. Boutin, L. Merlivat, L. Beaumont, B. Gentili, G. Obolensky, F. Louis, J. Ras, V. Taillandier, 2014. The BOUSSOLE bio-optics time series. New developments in the frame of the BIOCAREX project. Ocean Optics XXII conference, Portland (ME), 27-31 Octobre 2014.

Kheireddine M., D. Antoine, V. Vellucci, B. Gentili, 2014. Deriving diel changes of the backscattering coefficient from in situ apparent optical properties: a case study in the Mediterranean Sea (Boussole site). Ocean Optics XXII conference, Portland (ME), 27-31 Octobre 2014.

Organelli E., A. Bricaud, D. Antoine, B. Gentili, A. Matsuoka, M. Golbol, V. Vellucci, 2014. Spatial-temporal dynamics of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) and Colored Detrital Matter (CDM) light absorption coefficients in the Mediterranean Sea: from in situ data to a SeaWiFS climatology. Ocean Optics XXII conference, Portland (ME), 27-31 Octobre 2014.

Vellucci V., E. Leymarie, B. Gentili, D. Antoine, 2014. Shadowing corrections of BOUSSOLE radiometric measurements. Ocean Optics XXII conference, Portland (ME), 27-31 Octobre 2014.

Wilson S.J., B. G. Mitchell, M. D. Ohman, J. Uitz, D. Antoine, and U. Send, 2014. Chlorophyll Time series derived from a California Current System Bio-optical Model applied to Moored Measurements of Diffuse Irradiance, Ocean Optics XXII conference, Portland, Maine, 27-31 October 2014.

Antoine D., 2013. BOUSSOLE. Sentinel-3 Validation Team (S3VT) Meeting ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, Italy, 26-29th November 2013.

Antoine D., 2013. Data QA/QC for the BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project, IOCCG-IOCS Follow-on workshop on Vicarious Calibration, ESRIN Frascati, 2-3 Dec 2013.

Antoine D., 2012, Data QC for the BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project (issues, and solutions?), OOI Data QC workshop, June 6-8, 2012, Darling Marine Center, Univ. Maine, USA. Gerbi, G.; Boss, E.; Antoine, D.; Barnard, A.; Brown, K.; DeDonato, M.;Woodward, B., 2012, Measurements of solar radiation from an autonomous profiling float-opportunities and results for validation and calibration activities, TOS/AGU/ASLO Ocean Science Meeting, 20-24 février 2012, Salt Lake City, USA.

Antoine D., 2012, The BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project: rationale, achievements, and prospects for ~2012-2020, BOUSSOLE inter-agency meeting, 31 January 2012, CNES headquarters, Paris.

Kheireddine, M.; Antoine, D., 2012, Potential of geostationary ocean color observations for the retrieval of the diel variability of oceanic optical properties, TOS/AGU/ASLO Ocean Science Meeting, 20?24 février 2012, Salt Lake City, USA.

Antoine, D., Data QA/QC for the BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project, Seminar given at the National Physics Laboratory, London, 16 November 2012

Antoine, David; Morel, André; Maritorena, Stéphane; Siegel, David A; Nelson, Norm B; Loisel, Hubert; Dessailly, David - Evaluation Of Particulate Backscattering Inversion Algorithms In Clear Oceanic Case 1 Waters, Ocean Optics XXI conference, Glasgow, 8-12 Octobre 2012.

Barnes, Morvan; Antoine, David - Biogeochemical Inferences From The Diel Variability Of Optical Properties In The Nw Mediterranean, Ocean Optics XXI conference, Glasgow, 8-12 Octobre 2012.

Diamond, Emilie; Vellucci, Vincenzo; Antoine, David; Gentili, Bernard; Obolensky, Grigor; Louis, Francis; Ras, Joséphine; Taillandier, Vincent; Luquet, David - Twelve-Year Achievements Of The Boussole Bio-Optics Time Series Project, Ocean Optics XXI conference, Glasgow, 8-12 Octobre 2012.

Gerbi, Greg; Boss, Emmanuel; Fleming, Robert; Antoine, David; Brown, Keith; Barnard, Andrew; DeDonato, Mathew; Woodward, William - Use Of Autonomous Profiling Floats For Validation And Calibration Of Satellite Ocean Color Estimates, Ocean Optics XXI conference, Glasgow, 8-12 Octobre 2012.

Kheireddine, Malika; Antoine, David - Diurnal Variability of Particulate Matter From Observations of The Beam Attenuation And Backscattering Coefficients In The Northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Boussole Site), Ocean Optics XXI conference, Glasgow, 8-12 Octobre 2012.

Organelli, Emanuele; Bricaud, Annick; Antoine, David; Uitz, Julia - A Spectral Light Absorption-Based Approach For Detecting Changes In The Phytoplankton Community Structure At The Boussole Site (Mediterranean Sea) , Ocean Optics XXI conference, Glasgow, 8-12 Octobre 2012.

Xing, X.; Claustre, H.; Morel, A.; Antoine, D.; D?ortenzio, F.; Poteau, A.; Mignot, A., 2012, Retrieval of accurate chlorophyll-a concentration and cdom absorption from biooptical profiling floats (bio?argo) in various open ocean waters, TOS/AGU/ASLO Ocean Science Meeting, 20?24 février 2012, Salt Lake City, USA.

Antoine D., E. Leymarie, A. Morel, A. Houyou, S. Victori, D. Crozel, and B. Fougnie, 2011, New measurements of the intensity and geometrical structure of the upwelling and downwelling underwater light fields (radiance distributions), Newrad 2011 conference, Maui, 19-22 September 2011.

Antoine, D., 2011. The BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project: rationale, achievements, and prospects for ~2011-2020. Invited seminar at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS), Univ. Miami, USA, December 2011.

Antoine D., F. D?Ortenzio, P. Gernez, S.B. Hooker, V. Vellucci, E. Diamond, B. Gentili, F. Louis, J. Ras. Ten-year achievements of the BOUSSOLE bio-optics time series project, 4th ?Oceans from Space? 2010 Symposium, 26- 30 April 2010, Venice, Italy.

Gernez P., D. Antoine and Y. Huot, Diel cycles of the particulate beam attenuation coefficient Under varying trophic conditions in the nw mediterranean sea: Observations and modeling, 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting. 22-26 February 2010. Portland, Oregon, USA.

Antoine D, D A. Siegel, T Kostadinov, S Maritorena, N B. Nelson, B Gentili, V Vellucci, N Guillocheau, 2010, Variability in optical particle backscattering in three contrasting bio-optical oceanic regimes, Ocean Optics XX conference, Anchorage, Alaska, 27 Sept - 1 Oct 2010 (poster).

Antoine, D., 2010, The BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project: rationale, achievements, and prospects for ~2011-2020, CEOS WG cal/val workshop, Ispra, Italy, 18-21 October 2010 (poster).

Antoine, D., B. Gentili, V. Vellucci, and E. Diamond, 2010, Uncertainties in extrapolating underwater radiometry to ?just beneath the surface? Preliminary results from BOUSSOLE, NASA AOP Workshop, Biospherical Instruments Inc. , San Diego, 8-10 December 2010.

Lerebourg, C., Mazeran, C., Huot, J?P., Antoine, D., Bourg, L., Delwart, S., Ondrusek, M., Lavender, S., Goryl, P., 2010, MERIS vicarious adjustment in the near infra red and visible, Ocean Optics XX conference, Anchorage, Alaska, 27 Sept ? 1 Oct 2010 (poster).

Leymarie, E., D. Antoine, A. Morel, JP. Buis, N. Buis, S. Victori, S. Meunier, M Canini, B. Fougnie, P. Henry, 2010, Measurement of the underwater radiance distribution: First results from a new radiance camera, Ocean Optics XX conference, Anchorage, Alaska, 27 Sept - 1 Oct 2010 (poster).

Antoine D., V. Vellucci, B. Gentili, Radiometric data at BOUSSOLE: techniques for data collection, processing, and quality control, NASA AOP workshop, Univ California at Santa Barbara, ICESS, 13-15 January 2009.

Gernez P., D. Antoine, S. Maritorena and V. Vellucci, Comparisons between in situ backscattering measurements and inversion products using an optical time series, ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2009, 25-30 January 2009, Nice, France (poster)

Antoine D., C. Mazeran, C. Lerebourg, L. Bourg, M. Bouvet, F. D'Ortenzio, S. Lavender, K. Barker, B. Gentili, V. Vellucci, Update on validation of MERIS rw?s at the BOUSSOLE site, 2nd MERIS/(A)ATSR User Workshop 22nd to 26th September 2008 ESA/ESRIN Frascati (Rome) Italy

Antoine D., E. Leymarie, A. Morel, B. Gentili, J.P. Buis, N. Buis, S. Victori, S. Meunier et al. Anisotropy of the underwater light field: development of a ?radiance camera?, Second International Conference on Optical Complex Systems (OCS 08), Cannes, France, 17-19 March 2008

Gernez, P., D. Antione & Y Huot, Diurnal Variability of the Beam Attenuation Coefficient as measured in situ in the NW Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE mooring), ASLO-AGU-TOS Ocean Sciences 2008, Orlando, USA, 3-7 March 2008.

Antoine, D; Gernez, P, Field characterization of wave-induced underwater light field fluctuations, Ocean Optics XIX conference, Barga-IlCiocco, Italy, 6-10 october 2008

Bouvet, M; Huot, JP; Goryl, P; Antoine, D; Barker, K; Bourg, L; Doerffer, R; Mazeran, C, Santer, R; Zagolski, F; Zibordi, G, The meris water products: performance, current issues and potential future improvements, Ocean Optics XIX conference, Barga-IlCiocco, Italie, 6-10 octobre 2008 (poster)

Gernez, P; Antoine, D; Huot, Y, Field characterization of the daily variability of the particulate beam attenuation coefficient, Ocean Optics XIX conference, Barga-IlCiocco, Italy, 6-10 october 2008

Leymarie, E; Antoine, D; Morel, A; Buis, JP; Buis, N; Victori, S; Meunier, S; Canini, M; Fougnie, B; Henry, P, Anisotropy of the underwater light field: development of a radiance camera, Ocean Optics XIX conference, Barga-IlCiocco, Italy, 6-10 october 2008

O'Bree, T; Bryant, G; Dekker, A; Brando, V; Antoine, D; Chami, M, Modelling volume scattering functions using a multi-modal mie scattering approach, Ocean Optics XIX conference, Barga-IlCiocco, Italy, 6-10 october 2008

Vellucci, V; Ribera d'Alcalà, M; Antoine, D, Absorption properties of particulate matter in the western Mediterranean sea, Ocean Optics XIX conference, Barga-IlCiocco, Italy, 6-10 october 2008

Antoine D., F. D'Ortenzio, S.B. Hooker, G. Bécu, B. Gentili, D. Tailliez, A.J. Scott, A Multi-Sensor (MERIS - SeaWiFS - MODIS) Ocean Colour Satellite Matchup Analysis in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE Project), ENVISAT Symposium 2007, Montreux, Suisse, April 23-27, 2007.

Banzon V., C. Kuchinke, D. Antoine, K. Voss, H. Gordon, R. Evans, Fine aerosols and the performance of a dust correction algorithm in the Mediterranean, NASA 2007 Ocean Color Research Team Meeting, Seattle, USA, April 11-14, 2007. (poster)

D?Ortenzio F., K. Niewiadomska, H. Claustre, D. Antoine, P. Testor, Bio-optical Gliders and Profiling floats in the Mediterranean, ARGO Science Workshop - Venise, Italy, March 13 - 18, 2006.

Bécu G., D. Antoine et al., BOUSSOLE: A Joint ESA, CNES, CNRS, and NASA Ocean Color Calibration / Validation and Bio-Optics research program. Poster, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

D?Ortenzio F., D. Antoine, et al., A Multi-Sensor Ocean Color Satellite Matchup Analysis in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE Project). Oral presentation, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Dubuisson P., L. Dufôret, D. Dessailly, R. Frouin, K. Voss & D. Antoine, Estimating aerosol altitude from reflectance measurements in the O2 A-band. Poster, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Dubuisson P., R. Frouin, L. Duforêt, D. Dessailly, K. J. Voss, D. Antoine, 2006, Estimation of Aerosol altitude from reflectance ratio measurements in the O2 A-band, Proceedings of SPIE conference « Asia Pacific Remote Sensing, 13-17 November, 2006, GOA, India

Gernez P. & D. Antoine, Variability of the Surface Layer Diffuse Attenuation Coefficients with Consideration of Solar Elevation and Environmental Conditions. Poster, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Voss K., N. Souaïdia, A. Chapin, A. Morel, D. Antoine, D.K. Clark and M. Ondrusek, Further Testing/Validation of the Satellite f/Q correction. Oral presentation, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Antoine D. and A. Morel, "Nuances" in Case 1 waters optical properties: a case study in the oligotrophic northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Banzon P.V., C. Kuchinke, D. Antoine, R.H. Evans, H.R. Gordon, K.J. Voss, Performance of a dust-compensation algorithm for ocean color in SeaDAS: Initial results. Poster presented at the 13th ASLO-ERF-TOS-AGU Ocean Sciences Meeting, 20-24 February 2006, Hawaii.

D'Ortenzio F., D. Antoine, et al., A Multi-Sensor Ocean Color Satellite Matchup Analysis in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE Project). Oral presentation, Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006. Bécu G., D. Antoine et al., BOUSSOLE: A Joint ESA, CNES, CNRS, and NASA Ocean Color Calibration / Validation and Bio-Optics research program. Poster Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9- 13, 2006.

Dubuisson P., L. Dufôret, R. Frouin, K. Voss & D. Antoine, Estimating aerosol altitude from reflectance measurements in the O2 A-band. Poster, Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Gernez P. & D. Antoine, Variability of the Surface Layer Diffuse Attenuation Coefficients with Consideration of Solar Elevation and Environmental Conditions. Poster, Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Morel A., D. Antoine and H. Claustre, Optical variability and optical "anomalies" in Western Mediterranean waters. Oral presentation, Ocean Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Voss K., N. Souaïdia, A. Morel & D. Antoine, Further Testing/Validation of the Satellite f/Q correction. Optics XVIII, Montréal, October 9-13, 2006.

Werdell J., D. Antoine, S.W. Bailey, G.C. Feldman, S.B. Hooker, C.R. McClain and G. Zibordi, Alternate on-orbit vicarious calibration schemes for ocean color satellites, Poster presented at the 2006 Ocean Color Research Team Meeting, Newport, RI, USA, 10-14 Avril 2006.

Antoine D., 2005, Status of MERIS validation activities at BOUSSOLE. MERIS/AATSR User workshop, ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, 26-30 Septembre 2005.

Antoine D., MERIS, MODIS and SeaWiFS validation activities in the frame of the BOUSSOLE project. Ocean Color Research Team Meeting, Portland, OR, USA, 12-14 Avril 2005.

Antoine D., A. Morel and H. Claustre, 2004, Some peculiarities of case 1 waters optical properties in the northwestern Mediterranean sea, ASLO-TOS 2004 Ocean Research Conference, February 16-20, 2004, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Antoine D., The role of optical observations in operational ocean observatories, Ocean Optics XVII conference, Fremantle, October 2004; invited talk.

Antoine D., A. Morel, M. Chami, B. Gentili, F. Louis, J. Ras, A. Scott, D. Tailliez, C. R. McClain, S. B. Hooker, D. K. Clark, S. Bélanger, L. Bourg, V. Fournier-sicre, J.-F. Desté, P. Guevel., 2003, Validation of MERIS level-2 geophysical products derived above oceanic Case 1 waters : early results obtained at three contrasted oceanic sites, 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Toulouse, July 21-25, 2003 (presentation).

Lewis M., D. Antoine, B. DeYoung and J.J. Cullen, 2003, Observatories we have known, The Orion Workshop, Ocean Research Interactive Observatory Networks, 4-8 January 2004, San Juan, Puerto Rico (Poster).

Antoine D. and P. Guevel, 2000, Calibration and validation of satellite ocean color observations: the BOUSSOLE project. Ocean Optics XV, Monaco, 16-20 October 2000.

Antoine D., A. Morel, H. Claustre, and S.B. Hooker, 2000, Validation of MERIS atmospheric correction and pigment retrieval algorithms : Inter-comparison with SeaWiFS algorithms and products. Ocean Optics XV, Monaco, 16- 20 October 2000.

References of National Seminar Communications

Golbol, M. V. Vellucci, E. Diamond, D. Antoine, M. Kheireddine, E. Organelli, A. Bricaud, M. Barnes, B. Gentili, G. Obolensky, V. Taillandier, F. Louis, J. Ras, C. Dimier. 2015. BOUSSOLE: Un programme d'acquisition à long- terme des paramètres bio-optiques en mer ligure, 3èmes journées de la Flotte océanographique française - Colloque. Campus de l?Université de Bordeaux à Talence, 11-12 Juin 2015.

Antoine D., 2013. Projet BIOCAREX, "BIOoptics and CARbon Experiment", Séminaire ANR Changements Environnementaux 17 - 18 avril 2013, Toulouse, France.

Antoine D., 2012, The BOUSSOLE bio-optical time series project: rationale, achievements, and prospects for ~2012-2020, BOUSSOLE inter-agency meeting, 31 January 2012, CNES headquarters, Paris.

Antoine D., F. D?ortenzio, P. Gernez, B. Gentili, V. Vellucci, E. Diamond, G. Obolensky, F. Louis, J. Ras, V. Taillandier, 2010, Variabilité temporelle des propriétés optiques en mer Ligure (site BOUSSOLE), de la minute à l'inter-annuel, Colloque quadriennal du CSTM, Marseille, France, 4 March 2010.

Antoine D., 2006, BOUSSOLE : avancement, résultats, perspectives. Colloque quadriennal de restitution du CIRMED, Marseille, 19-20 January 2006.

References of Contracts reports (European Union, FAO, Convention, Collectivities...)

Vellucci V (2022) Sentinel3-OLCI and Sentinel2-MSI fiducial reference measurements from the BOUSSOLE time series. ESRIN contract N° 4000119096/17/I-BG, Final report (2017-2021).

Vellucci V, Mangin A, Bretagnon M, Gentili B, Antoine D, Dubovik O (2021) Climatological Characterisation of Ocean Sites for OC-SVC - BOUSSOLE. Data Report (D-3). EUMETSAT Contract EUM/CO/21/4600002515/FM. https://www.eumetsat.int/media/49885

Vellucci V, Mangin A, Bretagnon M, Gentili B, Antoine D, Dubovik O (2021) Climatological Characterisation of Ocean Sites for OC-SVC - BOUSSOLE. Study Report (D-4). EUMETSAT Contract EUM/CO/21/4600002515/FM. https://www.eumetsat.int/media/49886

Lazzari P, Terzic E, Salon S, Cossarini G, Teruzzi A, Solidoro C, Alvarez E, Organelli E, Vellucci V, d'Ortenzio F (2020) Integration of novel optical observations in CMEMS - Biogeochemistry models to improve the CMEMS biogeochemical products (BIOPTIMOD). CMEMS Service Evolution 66-SECALL2, final report.

Bruniquel V, Vellucci V, Antoine D, Banks, AC, Mangin A, Victori, S, Psarra S, Leymarie E, Bialek A, Kuusk J (2019) ROSACE, Radiometry for Ocean Colour SAtellites Calibration & Community Engagement, Project Planning Document (PPD-V4.0) EUMETSAT Contract EUM/CO/184600002162/EJK - Order No. 4500017110.

Bruniquel V, Vellucci V, Antoine, D, Banks AC, Bardey P, Hembise Fanton d'Andon O, Lerebourg C, Mangin A, Crozel D, Victori S, Karageorgis A, Petihakis G, Psarra S, Leymarie E, Bialek A, Fox N, Kuusk J (2019) ROSACE, Radiometry for Ocean Colour SAtellites Calibration & Community Engagement, Preliminary Costing Document (PCD-V4.0) EUMETSAT Contract EUM/CO/184600002162/EJK - Order No. 4500017110.

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2019) Projet BOUSSOLE, rapports annuels au TOSCA (CNES) de 2011 à 2019 (9 rapports).

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2019) Using the long-term BOUSSOLE time series measurements for S-GLI Ocean Colour System Vicarious Calibration, and validation of geophysical products. JAXA contract JX-PSPC-434860 final report.

Bialek A, Fox N, Hunt S, Vellucci V, Antoine, D, Banks AC, Bretagnon M, Deru A (2019) ROSACE, Radiometry for Ocean Colour SAtellites Calibration & Community Engagement, Estimated Uncertainty Budget (EUB-V4.0) EUMETSAT Contract EUM/CO/184600002162/EJK - Order No. 4500017110. https://www-cdn.eumetsat.int/files/2020-04/pdf_ss_oc_svc_rosace_eub_annex.pdf

Loisel H et al. (2019) Sentinel-3 OLCI Inherent Optical Properties, Product Validation Report, https://www.eumetsat.int/website/home/Data/ScienceActivities/ScienceStudies/Sentinel3OLCIInherentOpticalProperties/index.html#SD

Vellucci V, Antoine, D, Banks AC, Bardey P, Bretagnon M, Bruniquel V, Deru A, Hembise Fanton d'Andon O, Lerebourg C, Mangin A, Crozel D, Victori S, Kalampokis K, Karageorgis A, Petihakis G, Psarra S, Golbol M, Leymarie E, Bialek A, Fox N, Hunt S, Kuusk J, Laizans K, Kanakidou M (2019) ROSACE, Radiometry for Ocean Colour SAtellites Calibration & Community Engagement, Preliminary Design Document (PDD-V4.1). EUMETSAT Contract EUM/CO/184600002162/EJK - Order No. 4500017110. https://www-cdn.eumetsat.int/files/2020-04/pdf_ss_oc_svc_rosace_pdd.pdf

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2017) Improvement of Uncertainty and Traceability of Systems used as Fiducial Reference Measurements European Site BOUSSOLE. ESRIN contract N° 4000111801/14/I-NB, Final report (2014-2017).

Mazeran C, Brockmann C, Ruddick K, Voss K, Zagolski F, Antoine D, Bialek A, Brando V, Donlon C, Franz B, Johnson C, Murakami H, Park YJ, Wang M, Zibordi G, Kwiatowska E (2017) Requirements for CopernicusOcean Colour Vicarious Calibration Infrastructure. EUMETSAT contract EUM/CO/16/4600001772/EJK. https://www.eumetsat.int/website/home/Data/ScienceActivities/ScienceStudies/CopernicusOceanColourVicariousCalibrationInfrastructure/index.html

BIOCAREX, Observations bio-optiques à haute résolution temporelle et spectrale en Méditerranée (site BOUSSOLE): aspects fondamentaux, implications et applications biogéochimiques (2015) Projet ANR-10-Blanc-620, rapport final.

Antoine D et al. (2015) BIOCAREX, Observations bio-optiques à haute résolution temporelle et spectrale en Méditerranée (site BOUSSOLE): aspects fondamentaux, implications et applications biogéochimiques. Projet ANR-10-Blanc-620, rapport final.

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2015) MERIS CALIBRATION & VALIDATION over the long-term: The BOUSSOLE Project. ESRIN contract N° 4000102992/11/I-NB-BOUSSOLE, Final report (2011-2014).

Antoine D, (2010) Projet BOUSSOLE, rapports annuels au TOSCA (CNES) de 2000 à 2010 (11 rapports).

Antoine D, Vellucci V (2010) MERIS CALIBRATION & VALIDATION over the long-term: The BOUSSOLE Project. ESRIN contract N° 21770/08/I-OL, Final report (2008-2010).

Antoine D (2005) MERIS CALIBRATION & VALIDATION over the long-term: The BOUSSOLE Project, ESRIN contract N° 21770/08/I-OL, Progress report.

Antoine D (2002) The BOUSSOLE project, progress report, plans for 2002-2004.

DEA or MASTER 2 using campaign data

Cornec Marin (2016) Dynamique des propriétés optiques de la matière organique colorée dissoute en Méditerranée. Mémoire de Master de l'Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris. Stage effectué au LOV.

Duval Nicolas (2005) Détermination des coefficients d'immersion des radiomètres de terrain du projet BOUSSOLE et étude de leur vieillissement en mer. Rapport de stage de fin d'études de l'Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénieur de Toulon et du Var. Stage effectué au LOV.

Thesis using campaign data

Dufour Louison (2023). Phytoplankton and water color : multiscale analysis of the adaptive advantage conferred by chromatic acclimation in marine cyanobacteria. PhD Thesis, Université Sorbonne.

Petit Flavien (2023). Développement et exploitation de nouvelles approches pour l'observation de la composition des communautés phytoplanctoniques à partir des flotteurs BGC-Argo dans l'océan ouvert / Developement and exploitation of new approaches for observation of phytoplankton community composition from BGC-Argo floats in open ocean. PhD Thesis, Université Sorbonne.

Petit F, 2023, Developement and exploitation of new approaches for observation of phytoplankton community composition from BGC-Argo floats in open ocean. Sorbonne Université. https://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS112

Dufour L (2023). Phytoplancton et couleur de l'eau : analyse multi-échelles de l'avantage adaptatif conféré par l'acclimatation chromatique chez les cyanobactéries marines. Thèse de Sorbonne Université, Paris. Soutenue le 8 septembre 2023. https://theses.fr/s263031

Barbieux Marie (2019). Étude des relations bio-optiques dans l’océan global et du fonctionnement biogéochimique des maxima de subsurface de chlorophylle en Méditerranée à partir des mesures des flotteurs profileurs BGC-Argo / Bio-optical relationships in the global ocean and biogeochemical functioning of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in the Mediterranean Sea, based on measurements of the BGC-Argo profiling floats. PhD Thesis, Université Paris 06.

Ayyala Somayajula Srikanth (2019). Effets des grands angles de zénith et de la couverture nuageuse sur l’éclairement sous-marin: implications pour la production primaire dans l'océan Arctique / Effects of large solar zenith angles and cloud cover on underwater irradiance: Implications for primary production in the Arctic Ocean. PhD Thesis, Université de Laval. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00735/84669/

Barbieux M (2019). Étude des relations bio-optiques dans l'océan global et du fonctionnement biogéochimique des maxima de subsurface de chlorophylle en Méditerranée à partir des mesures des flotteurs profileurs BGC-Argo. Thèse de Sorbonne Université, Paris, soutenue le 09 janvier 2019, LOV. https://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS490#

Hemming Michael Paul (2018). Implementation of novel sensors on underwater gliders. PhD Thesis, University of East Anglia, Université Pierre et Marie Curie.

Bialek Agnieszka C (2018). SI traceable vicarious calibration test sites and methods. PhD Thesis, University of Surrey. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00857/96859/

H. Michael (2018) Implementation of novel sensors on underwater gliders. Doctoral thesis, University of East Anglia. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/71161/1/Hemming_Implementation_Thesis_2019.pdf

Mayot Nicolas (2016). La saisonnalité du phytoplancton en Mer Méditerranée / The phytoplankton seasonality in the Mediterranean Sea. PhD Thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie.

Wilson Samuel Johnson (2016). Studies of Chlorophyll Dynamics using Moored Irradiance Sensors. PhD Thesis, University of California, San Diego.

Mayot N., 2016. La saisonnalité du phytoplancton en Mer Méditerranée. Thèse de l'Université P. & M. Curie, Paris, soutenue le 16 décembre 2016, LOV. https://www.theses.fr/2016PA066440

Wilson SJ (2016) Studies of Chlorophyll Dynamics using Moored Irradiance Sensors. Thesis, University of California San Diego. https://escholarship.org/content/qt8gm1z9nf/qt8gm1z9nf_noSplash_36723ee0d40b963e46a80ae8bd93100d.pdf

Kheireddine Malika (2014). Caractéristiques et origines de la variabilité diurne des propriétés optiques / Characteristics and origins of the diel variability of optical properties. PhD Thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie.

Kheireddine, M., 2014. Caractéristiques et origine de la variabilité diurne des propriétés optiques. Thèse de l'Université P. & M. Curie, Paris, 250 p. https://www.theses.fr/2014PA066138

Heimburger L.E., 2010. DYnamics of chemical trace COntaminants in the open MEDiterranean Sea - DYCOMED. Thèse de l'Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, LOV. https://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4014

Harmel Tristan (2009). Apport des mesures directionnelles et polarisées aux corrections atmosphériques au-dessus des océans ouverts : Application à la mission PARASOL / Exploitation of multidirectional and polarized remotely sensed date from space for ocean color retrieval in open ocean waters : application to the PARASOL mission. PhD Thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie.

Harmel, T., 2009. Apport des mesures directionnelles et polarisées aux corrections atmosphériques au- dessus des océans ouverts. Application à la mission PARASOL. Thèse de l'Université P. & M. Curie, Paris, 187p. https://www.theses.fr/2009PA066450

Pierre Gernez (2009). Analyse de la variabilité temporelle des propriétés optiques en mer Ligure depuis un moiullage instrumenté (site Boussole) : fluctuations à haute fréquence, cyclicité diurne, changements saisonniers et variabilité interannuelle. Thèse de l'Université P. & M. Curie, Paris, soutenue en juillet 2009. https://www.theses.fr/2009PA066644

Steinmetz François (2008). Étude de la correction de la diffusion atmosphérique et du rayonnement solaire réfléchi par la surface agitée de la mer pour l'observation de la couleur de l'océan depuis l'espace / Study of the correction of the atmospheric scattering and the sun glint for the observations of ocean colour from space. PhD Thesis, Université de lille.

Steinmetz F., 2008. Étude de la correction de la diffusion atmosphérique et du rayonnement solaire réfléchi par la surface agitée de la mer pour l'observation de la couleur de l'océan depuis l'espace. Thèse de doctorat soutenue le 19 février 2008, LOA/HYGEOS. https://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10010