ETAMBOT 2

Name: ETAMBOT 2
Start: 1996-04-12
End: 1996-05-16
Location: Atlantic Ocean

Type	Oceanographic cruise
Ship	Edwin Link
Dates	12/04/1996 - 16/05/1996
Chief scientist(s)	GOURIOU Yves
	IRD CENTRE DE BRETAGNE IFREMER Centre de Bretagne ZI Pointe du diable CS10070 29280 PLOUZANE +33 (0)2 98.22.45.01 http://www.brest.ird.fr/
Objective	The ETAMBOT(study of Atlantic meridional transport in the west equatorial basin) project, which is the Hydrology/geochemical tracers strand of the international WOCE programme, studied the circulation in the western basin of the Equatorial Atlantic and taking account of large seasonal variations which are known at the surface and suspected in the deep. The main objectives were to: -study the circulation of water bodies by using the distribution of geochemical tracers, -assess meridional fluxes of mass and temperature in the western basin, -study local circulation and its interactions with large-scale thermohaline circulation. Particular emphasis was placed on studying the NBC/GC (North Brazil Current/Guiana current) current system and the NBC's retroflection. -study of CO2 absorption within the ocean.

Sea/Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

(Atlantique equatorial ouest)

Ports

Port of departure : Cayenne (French Guiana)

Port of return : Cayenne (French Guiana)

Project

WOCE GUYANA

Scientific Authority

IRD CENTRE DE CAYENNE- GUYANE

275 route de Montabo

BP 90165

97323 CAYENNE CEDEX

(0594) 29 92 92

dircay@cayenne.cayenne.ird.fr

https://guyane.ird.fr/

Participating bodie(s)

ORSTOM

Discipline(s)

PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

Code	Label	Quantity	PI
B02	Phytoplankton pigments (eg chloroph surface	80 stations	GOURIOU Yves
H09	Water bottle stations	-	GOURIOU Yves
H10	CTD stations Mark III b + ADCP de coque-sur bathysonde	95 stations	GOURIOU Yves
H13	Bathythermograph XBT T7	-	GOURIOU Yves
H21	Oxygen a chaque station surface-fond, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H22	Phosphate a chaque station surface-fond, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H24	Nitrate a chaque station surface-fond, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H25	Nitrite a chaque station surface-fond, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H26	Silicate a chaque station surface-fond, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H27	Alkalinity	-	GOURIOU Yves
H28	pH une station sur deux, surface-fond, 22 niveaux	1045 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H71	Surface measurements underway (T,S) Thermosalinomètre	-	GOURIOU Yves
H73	Geochemical tracers (eg freons) freons 11 et 12, toutes stations, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H74	Carbon dioxide une station sur deux, 22 niveaux	1045 samples	GOURIOU Yves
H90	Other chemical oceanographic meas. freons 11 et 12, toutes stations, 22 niveaux	2090 samples	GOURIOU Yves
M90	Other meteorological measurements T air sec, T air humide, vent	-	GOURIOU Yves

Summary of measurements

-95 hydrology stations, between the surface and the seafloor, 27 of them performed in double arrays (bottom >4,000 m). Continuous measurements of pressure, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen with a NEIL BROWN Mark III CTD.
-Water samples taken with 22 General Oceanics bottles (28 levels of samples during double array casts).
-Analyses of salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients (phosphate, silicate, nitrite and nitrate) at each sampling level, for each station.
-Analyses of Freons 11 and 12 between the surface and seabed at each station and determination of total CO2 and pH at each level, on every other station.
-Measurements of CO2 transience and chlorophyll pigments at the sea surface, for each station.
-99 current profiles, from surface to seafloor, with a Doppler effect currentmeter combined with the CTD (L-ADCP).
-Continuous measurement of current along the vessel from the surface to 300 metres in depth with the shipboard Doppler effect currentmeter (S-ADCP).
-Continuous measurement of surface salinity and temperature along vessel's route with an SIS thermosalinograph and 11 XBT profiles.
-Continuous measurement of surface salinity and temperature along vessel's route with an SIS thermosalinograph and 11 XBT profiles.
-11 video profiles.

Location map

Data managed by SISMER

Bibliography

Publications

Bonou Frederic Kpedonou, Noriega Carlos, Lefevre Nathalie, Araujo Moacyr (2016). Distribution of CO2 parameters in the Western Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Dynamics Of Atmospheres And Oceans, 73, 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2015.12.001

Baklouti M., Devenon J. L., Bourret A., Froidefond J. M., Ternon J. F., Fuda J. L. (2007). New insights in the French Guiana continental shelf circulation and its relation to the North Brazil Current retroflection. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 112(C02023), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003520

Arhan Michel, Treguier Anne-Marie, Bourles B, Michel Sylvain (2006). Diagnosing the annual cycle of the equatorial undercurrent in the Atlantic Ocean from a general circulation model. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 36(8), 1502-1522. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2929.1

Touratier Franck, Goyet C, Coatanoan Christine , Andrie C (2005). Assessments of anthropogenic CO2 distribution in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 52(12), 2275-2284. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.001 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/886/

Andrie C, Gouriou Y, Bourles B, Ternon Jf, Braga Es, Morin P, Oudot C (2003). Variability of AABW properties in the equatorial channel at 35 degrees W. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(CLI5), 7.1-7.4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015766

Freudenthal Sébastien, Andrie Chantal (2002). The arrival of a "new" Labrador Sea Water signal in the tropical Atlantic in 1996. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(15), 31.1-31.4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015062

Andrie C, Rhein M, Freudenthal S, Plahn O (2002). CFC time series in the deep water masses of the western tropical Atlantic, 1990-1999. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 49(2), 281-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00053-X

Ternon Jf, Oudot C, Gourlaouen V, Diverres D (2001). The determination of pH(T) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean and its role in the sound absorption modeling in seawater. Journal Of Marine Systems, 30(1-2), 67-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-7963(01)00038-0

Ternon Jean-Francois, Oudot C, Dessier A, Diverres Denis (2000). A seasonal tropical sink for atmospheric CO2 in the Atlantic ocean: the role of the Amazon River discharge. Marine Chemistry, 68(3), 183-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00077-8

Gouriou Yves, Bourles Bernard, Mercier Herle, Chuchla R (1999). Deep jets in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21217-21226. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900057

Bourles B, Gouriou Y, Chuchla R (1999). On the circulation in the upper layer of the western equatorial Atlantic. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21151-21170. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900058

Andrie C, Ternon Jf, Bourles B, Gouriou Y, Oudot C (1999). Tracer distributions and deep circulation in the western tropical Atlantic during CITHER 1 and ETAMBOT cruises, 1993-1996. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21195-21215. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900094

Arnault S, Bourles Bernard, Gouriou Yves, Chuchla R (1999). Intercomparison of the upper layer circulation of the western equatorial Atlantic Ocean: In situ and satellite data. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21171-21194. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900124

Pailler K, Bourles Bernard, Gouriou Yves (1999). The barrier layer in the western Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 26(14), 2069-2072. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL900492