ETAMBOT 1

Name: ETAMBOT 1
Start: 1995-09-06
End: 1995-10-11
Location: Atlantic Ocean

Type	Oceanographic cruise
Ship	Le Noroit
Ship owner	Ifremer
Dates	06/09/1995 - 11/10/1995
Chief scientist(s)	GOURIOU Yves
	IRD CENTRE DE BRETAGNE IFREMER Centre de Bretagne ZI Pointe du diable CS10070 29280 PLOUZANE +33 (0)2 98.22.45.01 http://www.brest.ird.fr/
DOI	10.17600/95030010
Objective	The ETAMBOT(study of Atlantic meridional transport in the west equatorial basin) project, which is the Hydrology/geochemical tracers strand of the international WOCE programme, studied the circulation in the western basin of the Equatorial Atlantic and taking account of large seasonal variations which are known at the surface and suspected in the deep. The main objectives are: to study the circulation of water bodies based on the distribution of geochemical tracers, assess meridian fluxes of mass and temperature in the Western basin, study the local circulation and its interactions with the large-scale thermohaline circulation - particularly focusing on studying the NBC/GC (North Brazil Current/Guiana current) current system and the NBC's retroflection, and study of CO2 absorption within the ocean.

Sea/Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

(Atlantique equatorial ouest)

Ports

Port of departure : Cayenne (French Guiana)

Port of return : Cayenne (French Guiana)

Project

WOCE GUYANA

Scientific Authority

IRD CENTRE DE CAYENNE- GUYANE

275 route de Montabo

BP 90165

97323 CAYENNE CEDEX

(0594) 29 92 92

dircay@cayenne.cayenne.ird.fr

https://guyane.ird.fr/

Participating bodie(s)

ORSTOM - Université de SAO PAULO (IOUSP)

Discipline(s)

CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

Code	Label	Quantity	PI
B02	Phytoplankton pigments (eg chloroph surface	80 stations	GOURIOU Yves
H09	Water bottle stations	-	GOURIOU Yves
H10	CTD stations + ADCP de coque sur bathysonde	85 stations	GOURIOU Yves
H13	Bathythermograph XBT T7	20 profiles	GOURIOU Yves
H21	Oxygen a chaque station surface -fond	2000 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H22	Phosphate a chaque station surface -fond	2000 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H24	Nitrate a chaque station surface -fond	2000 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H25	Nitrite a chaque station surface -fond	2000 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H26	Silicate a chaque station surface-fond.	2000 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H27	Alkalinity	85 stations	GOURIOU Yves
H28	pH a chaque station surface -fond	1300 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H73	Geochemical tracers (eg freons) freon 11 et 12	2000 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
H74	Carbon dioxide fugacite CO2 total	1300 measurements	GOURIOU Yves
M71	Atmospheric chemistry CO2-freon 11 et 12 -Tair sec-Tair humide-vent	600 measurements	GOURIOU Yves

Summary of measurements

-85 hydrology stations, between the surface and the bottom, 14 of them performed in double arrays (bottom >4,500 m). Continuous measurements of pressure, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen with a NEIL BROWN Mark III CTD.
-Water samples taken in 22 General Oceanic bottles. (28 levels of sampling during double casts).
-Analyses of salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients (phosphate, silicate, nitrite, nitrate) at each sampling level, for each station.
-Analyses of freon 11 and 12 between 800 m and the bottom for each station (along the entire water column during 10 stations).
-Analysis of total CO2 and pH parameters at all levels, at every other station.
-Measurements of CO2 transience and chlorophyll pigments at the sea surface, for each station.
-33 current profiles, from surface to seafloor, with a Doppler effect currentmeter combined with the CTD (L-ADCP).
-Continuous measurement of current along the vessel from the surface to 300 metres in depth with the shipboard Doppler effect currentmeter (S-ADCP).
-20 video profiles.

Location map

Positionning system

Geodetic system : VALEUR INDEFINIE

Data managed by SISMER

Bibliography

Publications

Bonou Frederic Kpedonou, Noriega Carlos, Lefevre Nathalie, Araujo Moacyr (2016). Distribution of CO2 parameters in the Western Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Dynamics Of Atmospheres And Oceans, 73, 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2015.12.001

Baklouti M., Devenon J. L., Bourret A., Froidefond J. M., Ternon J. F., Fuda J. L. (2007). New insights in the French Guiana continental shelf circulation and its relation to the North Brazil Current retroflection. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 112(C02023), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003520

Arhan Michel, Treguier Anne-Marie, Bourles B, Michel Sylvain (2006). Diagnosing the annual cycle of the equatorial undercurrent in the Atlantic Ocean from a general circulation model. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 36(8), 1502-1522. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2929.1

Touratier Franck, Goyet C, Coatanoan Christine , Andrie C (2005). Assessments of anthropogenic CO2 distribution in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 52(12), 2275-2284. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2005.09.001 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/886/

Schmid C, Bourles Bernard, Gouriou Yves (2005). Impact of the equatorial deep jets on estimates of zonal transports in the Atlantic. Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies In Oceanography, 52(3-4), 409-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.12.008

Schott Fa, Dengler M, Brandt P, Affler K, Fischer J, Bourles Bernard, Gouriou Yves, Molinari Rl, Rhein M (2003). The zonal currents and transports at 35 degrees W in the tropical Atlantic. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(7), 1.1-1.4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016849

Andrie C, Gouriou Y, Bourles B, Ternon Jf, Braga Es, Morin P, Oudot C (2003). Variability of AABW properties in the equatorial channel at 35 degrees W. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(CLI5), 7.1-7.4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015766

Fine Rana A, Rhein Monika, Andrie Chantal (2002). Using a CFC effective age to estimate propagation and storage of climate anomalies in the deep western North Atlantic Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(24), 80.1-80.4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015618

Freudenthal Sébastien, Andrie Chantal (2002). The arrival of a "new" Labrador Sea Water signal in the tropical Atlantic in 1996. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(15), 31.1-31.4. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015062

Andrie C, Rhein M, Freudenthal S, Plahn O (2002). CFC time series in the deep water masses of the western tropical Atlantic, 1990-1999. Deep-sea Research Part I-oceanographic Research Papers, 49(2), 281-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(01)00053-X

Ternon Jf, Oudot C, Gourlaouen V, Diverres D (2001). The determination of pH(T) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean and its role in the sound absorption modeling in seawater. Journal Of Marine Systems, 30(1-2), 67-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-7963(01)00038-0

Marin Frederic, Gouriou Y (2000). Heat fluxes across 7 degrees 30 ' N and 4 degrees 30 ' S in the Atlantic Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers, 47(11), 2111-2139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(00)00022-4

Ternon Jean-Francois, Oudot C, Dessier A, Diverres Denis (2000). A seasonal tropical sink for atmospheric CO2 in the Atlantic ocean: the role of the Amazon River discharge. Marine Chemistry, 68(3), 183-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00077-8

Andrie C, Ternon Jf, Bourles B, Gouriou Y, Oudot C (1999). Tracer distributions and deep circulation in the western tropical Atlantic during CITHER 1 and ETAMBOT cruises, 1993-1996. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21195-21215. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900094

Gouriou Yves, Bourles Bernard, Mercier Herle, Chuchla R (1999). Deep jets in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21217-21226. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900057

Bourles B, Gouriou Y, Chuchla R (1999). On the circulation in the upper layer of the western equatorial Atlantic. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21151-21170. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900058

Arnault S, Bourles Bernard, Gouriou Yves, Chuchla R (1999). Intercomparison of the upper layer circulation of the western equatorial Atlantic Ocean: In situ and satellite data. Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans, 104(C9), 21171-21194. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900124

Pailler K, Bourles Bernard, Gouriou Yves (1999). The barrier layer in the western Tropical Atlantic Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 26(14), 2069-2072. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL900492

Oudot C., Ternon J. F., Andrié C., Braga E. S., Morin P. (1999). On the crossing of the equator by intermediate water masses in the western Atlantic ocean: Identification and pathways of Antarctic Intermediate Water and Upper Circumpolar Water. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 104(C9), 20911-20926. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900123

References of Articles published in other Periodicals or Scientific Works acclaimed in the Field

Send, U, C. Eden, and F. Schott, Atlantic Equatorial Deep Jets: Space-time structure and cross-equatorial fluxes, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 891-902, 2002.

Marin, F., Y. Gouriou, B. Bourlès, Heat flux estimates across A6 and A7 sections, International WOCE Newsletter, N°31, 28-31, June 1998.

Andrié, C., Y. Gouriou, B. Bourlès, C. Oudot, J.F. Ternon, Deep circulation in the western tropical Atlantic Inferred from CFCs and L-ADCP measurements during ETAMBOT cruises, International WOCE Newsletter, number 28, p11-13, October 1997

References of Technical Reports

Gouriou Yves, Kermabon Catherine (1997). Traitement des données L-ADCP. Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne : Documents Scientifiques N° 0.P. 21. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00298/40953/

L?équipe ETAMBOT, Recueil de données de la campagne ETAMBOT 2 (N.O Edwin Link, 12 avril - 16 mai ). Vol.2/2 : Traceurs géochimiques.. Doc. Scient. Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne, n° O.P.25, 323 p, 1997.

L?équipe ETAMBOT, Recueil de données de la campagne ETAMBOT 2 (N.O Edwin Link, 12 avril - 16 mai 1996). Vol.1/2 : Introduction - Mesures « en route » - courantomètrie ADCP - Mesures CTDO2 - Coupes de distributions verticales. Doc. Scient. Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne, n° O.P.24, 521 p., 1997.

L?équipe ETAMBOT, Recueil de données de la campagne ETAMBOT 1 (N.O. Le Noroit, 9 septembre - 11 octobre 1995). Vol.1/2 : Introduction - Mesures « en route » - courantomètrie ADCP - Mesures CTDO2 - Coupes de distributions verticales. Doc. Scient. Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne, n° O.P.22, 429 p., 1997.

L?équipe ETAMBOT, Recueil de données de la campagne ETAMBOT 1 (N.O. Le Noroit, 9 septembre - 11 octobre 1995). Vol.2/2 : Traceurs géochimiques. Doc. Scient. Centre ORSTOM de Cayenne, n° O.P.23, 289 p., 1997.

References of Articles published in periodicals and magazines for the general public

Andrié, C., Les fréons utiles à la connaissance des courants océaniques (à l?origine - entre autres notes dans la presse nationale - d?un article dans libération du 10 septembre 1996), fiche d?Actualité Scientifique ORSTOM, n°19, juillet 1996.

References of International Seminar Communications

Andrié, C., Y. Gouriou, B. Bourlès, J.F. Ternon, E.S. Braga, P. Morin, and C. Oudot, Variability of AABW characteristics in the equatorial channel at 35°W. "WOCE and Beyond Conference", San Antonio-Texas (USA), November 2002

Gouriou, Y., G. Forget, B. Bourlès, and H. Mercier, Analysis of the circulation in the western tropical Atlantic through LADCP measurements and inverse model results. "WOCE and Beyond Conference", San Antonio-Texas (USA), November 2002

Bourlès, B., K. Pailler, and Y. Gouriou, Upper layer hydrology and circulation variability in the western equatorial Atlantic, Abstract in GOOS Report 68, GCOS Report 52, ICPO Publications Series 26. Meeting of TAO-Implementation Panel (TIP-7), Abidjan (Côte d?Ivoire),11-13 Novembre 1998

Arnault, S., B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, R. Chuchla, Intercomparison of the upper layer circulation in the upper layers of the western equatorial Atlantic ocean: in-situ and satellite data. First Joint Meeting TOPEX/POSEIDON/JASON, Keystone (E.U.), 12-16 octobre 1998

Arnault, S., B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, R. Chuchla, Intercomparison of the upper layer circulation in the upper layers of the western equatorial Atlantic ocean: in-situ and satellite data. WOCE International Conference, Halifax, 24 au 29 mai 1998

Arnault, S., B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, R. Chuchla, Intercomparison of the circulation in the upper layers of the western equatorial Atlantic ocean: in-situ satellite datas, and model results. WOCE South Atlantic Workshop, Brest, 16 au 20 juin 1997

Bourlès, B., Y. Gouriou, R. Chuchla, Synoptic study of the circulation in the upper layers of the western equatorial Atlantic ocean : The north Brazil current retroflection?s case. WOCE South Atlantic Workshop, Brest, 16 au 20 juin 1997

Gouriou, Y., B. Bourlès, Hydrology and currents in the western tropical Atlantic as observed during ETAMBOT. European Geophysical Society - XXII General Assembly - Vienne, 21-25 avril 1997

Gouriou, Y., B. Bourlès, R. Chuchla, Deep Western Boundary Current in the equatorial Atlantic and seasonal variability of equatorial jets. WOCE South Atlantic Workshop, Brest, 16 au 20 juin 1997

Oudot, C., C. Andrié, E.S. Braga, P. Morin, J.F. Ternon, On the crossing of the equator by intermediate water masses in the Atlantic ocean. WOCE South Atlantic Workshop, Brest, 16 au 20 juin 1997

Ternon, J.F., C. Colin, Présentation des travaux d?océanographie physique devant la Guyane Française. IV Workshop ECOLAB - Cayenne - 4 au 9 novembre 1997

Arnault, S., E. Greiner, B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, and Y. Ménard, Tropical Atlantic variability: is there anything new on the western front? Workshop Topex/Poseïdon, Biarritz-France, Octobre 1997

Andrié, C., J.F. Ternon, Y. Gouriou, Chlorofluoromethane distributions in the western tropical Atlantic during ETAMBOT cruises (1995-1996). European Geophysical Society - XXII General Assembly - Vienne, 21-25 avril 1997

Andrié C ;, B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, C. Oudot, and J.F. Ternon, Changes of deep circulation in the western equatorial Atlantic inferred from tracer and current measurements (1993-1996). European Geophysical Society - XXIII General Assembly - Nice, 20-24 avril 1998

Andrié, C., J.F. Ternon, B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, C. Oudot Chlorofluoromethane distributions and deep circulation in the western tropical Atlantic during CITHER 1 and ETAMBOT cruises (1993-1996). WOCE South Atlantic Workshop, Brest, 16 au 20 juin 1997

Marin, F., M. Lux, Y. Gouriou, H. Mercier, Heat transport in the tropical Atlantic ocean across 7.5N and 4.5S in 1993 (CITHER 1 cruise) and estimate of the heat transport variability at 7.5°N. WOCE South Atlantic Workshop, Brest, 16 au 20 juin 1997

Oudot C., C. Andrié, B. Bourlès, Y. Gouriou, and J.F. Ternon, Deep circulation variability in the western equatorial Atlantic (1993-1996). WOCE International Conference, Halifax, 24 au 29 mai 1998

References of National Seminar Communications

Bourlès, B., Y. Gouriou, et K. Pailler, La barrière de sel dans l?Atlantique tropical ouest. Les transports du Courant Profond de Bord Ouest à partir des données LADCP obtenues pendant les campagnes Etambot, Réunion WOCE-France, Paris, 10 mars 1999.

Gouriou, Y., et B. Bourlès, Présentation des mesures de courant Doppler des campagnes ETAMBOT, Réunion WOCE-France - Brest - 23-24 juin 1998.

Gouriou, Y., et C. Oudot, Présentation du programme ETAMBOT, Réunion WOCE-France à l'Institut Océanographique à Paris. 6 et 7 juin 1994.

DEA or MASTER 2 using campaign data

G. Forget. Laboratoire d?accueil : UBO - Brest, 2001. Responsable : B. Bourlès (IRD/Brest) - Herlè Mercier (LPO- IFREMER). Sujet du D.E.A. : Étude de la circulation océanique dans l'ouest de l'Atlantique équatorial, à l'aide d'observations hydrologiques, courantomètriques et d'un modèle inverse

V. Gourlaouen. Laboratoire d?accueil : UBO (laboratoire de Chimie marine) - Brest, Janvier-Juin 1999. Responsable : C. Oudot - ORSTOM/Brest. Sujet du D.E.A. : Le rôle des mesures de pH au sein de l?océan. Application à l?étude de la propagation du son dans l?eau.

F. Vauclair. Laboratoire d?accueil : LODYC - Paris VI, avril-juin 1998. Responsable : Chantal Andrié - ORSTOM/LODYC. Sujet du D.E.A. : Étude de la variabilité de la circulation profonde en Atlantique tropical ouest entre 1990-1996.

K. Pailler. Laboratoire d?accueil : UBO - Brest, avril-juin 1998. Responsable : B.Bourlès, Y.Gouriou - ORSTOM/Brest. Sujet du D.E.A. : Étude de la barrière de sel dans l?atlantique ouest équatorial.

F. Laberiotte. Laboratoire d?accueil : LODYC - Paris VI, avril-juin 1997. Responsable : Chantal Andrié - ORSTOM/LODYC. Sujet du D.E.A. : Les fréons F11 et F12 traceurs de la circulation océanique : leur distribution en Atlantique tropical ouest de 1993 à 1996.

W. Biegun. Laboratoire d?accueil : LODYC - Paris VI, avril-juin 1997. Responsable : Chantal Andrié - ORSTOM/LODYC. Sujet du D.E.A. : Les fréons, traceurs de la circulation pendant la campagne ETAMBOT 2.

Isabelle Ogier. Laboratoire d?accueil : Centre ORSTOM - Cayenne, février-juillet 1995. Responsable : Yves Gouriou - ORSTOM. Sujet du D.E.A. : Élaboration de la chaîne d'analyse et de traitement des données d'un courantomètre à effet Doppler.

Thesis using campaign data

Dossa Alina Nathanaël (2021). Near-surface ocean dynamic off northeast Brazil and coastal sea surface salinity gradients in the world ocean. PhD Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.

Sébastien Freudenthal. Laboratoire d?accueil : LODYC - Paris VI, soutenue le 1er mars 2002. Responsable : Chantal Andrié - Chargé de Recherche - ORSTOM/LODYC. Sujet de Thèse. : Étude de la variabilité de la circulation profonde en Atlantique tropical ouest entre 1990-1996.

Fabrice Vauclair. Laboratoire d?accueil : LEGOS - Toulouse, soutenue le 14 novembre 2001. Responsable : Yves du Penhoat - Directeur de Recherche - ORSTOM/LEGOS. Sujet de Thèse. : Modes de variabilité dans l?océan Atlantique.

Laurence Crosnier. Laboratoire d?accueil : UBO - Brest, soutenue le 4 septembre 1998. Responsable : Sophie Wacongne - Maître de conférence à l'UBO - Brest. Sujet de Thèse : Variation saisonnière du transport de chaleur océanique méridien dans l?Atlantique.