GEOFAR

Name: GEOFAR
Start: 1993-07-20
End: 1993-08-17
Location: Océan Atlantique Nord

Type	Campagne océanographique
Navire	Le Noroit
Propriétaire navire	Ifremer
Dates	20/07/1993 - 17/08/1993
Chef(s) de mission	AUFFRET Gérard
	GEO-OCEAN - UMR 6538 Univ. Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Bretagne Sud Place Nicolas Copernic 29280 Plouzané https://www.geo-ocean.fr/
DOI	10.17600/93000160
Objectif	Thème scientifique : Variabilité spatiale et temporelle (à l'échelle du millier d'années) de l'hydrothermalisme. Objectifs : Identification et quantification de l'activité hydrothermale au voisinage de l'axe de la dorsale médio-atlantique au cours du quaternaire Supérieur. Remarque : Cette campagne s'insère dans le cadre du programme FARA sous la rubrique "Prélèvements régionaux et manifestations hydrothermales le long de l'axe". Au cours de la campagne SIGMA de l'ATALANTE, les zones concernées ont été l'objet d'une reconnaissance bathymétrique EM 12.

Mer/Océan

Océan Atlantique Nord

(Ride medio atlantique)

Ports

Port départ : Fort-de-France (Martinique)

Port fin : Ponta Delgada (Portugal)

Organisme responsable de la campagne

GÉOSCIENCES MARINES

Centre Ifremer Bretagne

ZI Pointe du Diable

29280 Plouzané

+33(0)2 98.22.42.24

Organisme(s) participant(s)

IFREMER,Universités de Bordeaux,Brest,Kiel,Lisbonne,BRGM,Institut Hydrographique du Portugal

Discipline(s)

GEOSCIENCES MARINES

Code	Libellé	Quantité	Responsable
B64	Essais d'équipements ou d'engins essais module d'observation dynamique	-	AUFFRET Gérard
G02	Prélèvements à la benne carottier USNEL et IGBA	37 Echantillons	AUFFRET Gérard
G04	Prélèvements carottier fond meuble carottier Kullenberg	37 Carottes	AUFFRET Gérard
G08	Photographie du fond SCAMPI, 100 metres (4 bobines)	6 Vidéos	AUFFRET Gérard
G28	Mesures de magnétisme etudes de deux boites en profil	26	AUFFRET Gérard
G71	Mesures in-situ du fond flux de chaleur	21	AUFFRET Gérard

Travaux

-Carottages USNEL.
-Carottages KULLENBERG.
-Mesures du gradient thermique dans les sédiments.
-SCAMPI.
-Essais MOD.
-Levés magnétiques.

Plan de position

Positionnement

Système géodésique : WORLD GEODETIC SYSTEM 1984 = WGS84

Système de positionnement : WGS84 pblt

Opérations de Prélèvements

Nom	Plongée	Equipement	Date	Localisation	Profondeur(m)
GEOF-DR01	-	Drague à roche (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930726 06:30:0026/07/1993 06:30:00	20° 30.410' N 45° 38.530' W	1900
GEOF-KB01	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930803 00:00:0003/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 23.090' N 30° 48.090' W	-
GEOF-KB03	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930805 00:00:0005/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 36.981' N 32° 18.041' W	-
GEOF-KB04	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930806 00:00:0006/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 49.284' N 32° 32.582' W	-
GEOF-KB06	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930808 00:00:0008/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 56.000' N 32° 12.050' W	-
GEOF-KB07	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930809 00:00:0009/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 34.640' N 31° 50.550' W	-
GEOF-KB08	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930811 00:00:0011/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 3.800' N 32° 26.720' W	-
GEOF-KB09	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930813 00:00:0013/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 56.060' N 31° 59.990' W	-
GEOF-KB10	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930814 00:00:0014/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 10.760' N 30° 48.790' W	-
GEOF-KB11	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 7.005' N 29° 51.972' W	-
GEOF-KB13	-	Carottier IGBA (TRIPODE- PRELEV. SEDIMENT SURFACE)	19930816 00:00:0016/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 28.890' N 29° 3.330' W	-
GEOF-KF01	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930806 00:00:0006/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 41.940' N 32° 27.921' W	-
GEOF-KF02	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930806 00:00:0006/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 53.494' N 32° 27.954' W	-
GEOF-KF03	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930806 00:00:0006/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 56.000' N 32° 12.010' W	-
GEOF-KF04	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930807 00:00:0007/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 53.060' N 31° 59.990' W	-
GEOF-KF05	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930808 00:00:0008/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 38.280' N 31° 19.450' W	-
GEOF-KF06	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930808 00:00:0008/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 34.624' N 31° 50.525' W	-
GEOF-KF07	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930810 00:00:0010/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 15.270' N 32° 14.000' W	-
GEOF-KF08	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930811 00:00:0011/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 5.220' N 31° 59.660' W	-
GEOF-KF09	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930811 00:00:0011/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 6.680' N 32° 17.208' W	-
GEOF-KF10	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930811 00:00:0011/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 3.748' N 32° 26.690' W	-
GEOF-KF11	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930812 00:00:0012/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 20.030' N 32° 20.330' W	-
GEOF-KF12	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930813 00:00:0013/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 33.224' N 32° 13.170' W	-
GEOF-KF13	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930813 09:25:0013/08/1993 09:25:00	37° 34.698' N 31° 50.527' W	-
GEOF-KF14	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930813 21:25:0013/08/1993 21:25:00	38° 2.026' N 40° 12.400' W	-
GEOF-KF15	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930814 00:00:0014/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 39.380' N 31° 51.910' W	-
GEOF-KF16	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930814 00:00:0014/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 59.900' N 31° 7.700' W	-
GEOF-KF17	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930814 00:00:0014/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 10.730' N 30° 48.790' W	-
GEOF-KF18	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 34.990' N 30° 37.010' W	-
GEOF-KF19	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 20.000' N 30° 25.950' W	-
GEOF-KF20	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 7.021' N 29° 52.073' W	-
GEOF-KF21	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 0.190' N 29° 5.600' W	-
GEOF-KG 03	-	Carottier boite USNEL	19930727 00:00:0027/07/1993 00:00:00	26° 8.682' N 44° 49.010' W	-
GEOF-KG 05	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930801 00:00:0001/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 15.250' N 32° 14.790' W	-
GEOF-KG 07	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930801 00:00:0001/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 36.970' N 32° 18.000' W	-
GEOF-KG 09	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930805 00:00:0005/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 33.101' N 32° 13.137' W	-
GEOF-KG 10a	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930805 00:00:0005/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 28.040' N 32° 8.080' W	-
GEOF-KG 10b	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930605 00:00:0005/06/1993 00:00:00	37° 28.040' N 32° 8.080' W	-
GEOF-KG 13	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930809 00:00:0009/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 2.010' N 31° 40.020' W	-
GEOF-KG 14	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930809 00:00:0009/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 0.028' N 31° 7.762' W	-
GEOF-KG 15	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930809 00:00:0009/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 38.200' N 31° 19.525' W	-
GEOF-KG 16	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930812 00:00:0012/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 5.329' N 31° 59.679' W	-
GEOF-KG 17	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930812 00:00:0012/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 6.596' N 32° 17.405' W	-
GEOF-KG 18	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930812 00:00:0012/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 16.812' N 32° 16.342' W	-
GEOF-KG 19	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930812 00:00:0012/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 19.989' N 32° 20.254' W	-
GEOF-KG 22	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 35.000' N 30° 37.000' W	-
GEOF-KG 23	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930815 00:00:0015/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 19.966' N 30° 25.941' W	-
GEOF-KG 24	-	Carottier d'interface (TYPE NON PRECISE)	19930816 00:00:0016/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 0.153' N 29° 5.667' W	-
GEOF-KS 01	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930725 00:00:0025/07/1993 00:00:00	20° 32.950' N 45° 31.059' W	-
GEOF-KS 02	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930725 00:00:0025/07/1993 00:00:00	20° 33.765' N 45° 49.627' W	-
GEOF-KS 03	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930726 00:00:0026/07/1993 00:00:00	20° 26.069' N 45° 40.040' W	-
GEOF-KS 04	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930726 00:00:0026/07/1993 00:00:00	20° 39.946' N 45° 15.946' W	-
GEOF-KS 05	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930727 00:00:0027/07/1993 00:00:00	26° 8.941' N 44° 48.739' W	-
GEOF-KS 06	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930801 00:00:0001/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 15.240' N 32° 14.680' W	-
GEOF-KS 07	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930801 00:00:0001/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 16.540' N 32° 15.740' W	-
GEOF-KS 10	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930801 00:00:0001/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 19.082' N 32° 16.142' W	-
GEOF-KS 11	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930802 00:00:0002/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 37.000' N 32° 17.960' W	-
GEOF-KS 12	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930802 00:00:0002/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 33.184' N 32° 13.130' W	-
GEOF-KS 13	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930802 00:00:0002/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 28.029' N 32° 8.091' W	-
GEOF-KS 14	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930803 00:00:0003/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 23.318' N 30° 48.245' W	-
GEOF-KS 15	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930816 00:00:0016/08/1993 00:00:00	38° 0.363' N 29° 4.869' W	-
GEOF-KS 16	-	Carottier KULLENBERG	19930816 00:00:0016/08/1993 00:00:00	37° 28.910' N 29° 3.180' W	-

Bibliographie

Publications

Repschlaeger Janne, Weinelt Mara, Kinkel Hanno, Andersen Nils, Garbe-Schoenberg Dieter, Schwab Christian (2015). Response of the subtropical North Atlantic surface hydrography on deglacial and Holocene AMOC changes. Paleoceanography, 30(5), 456-476. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014PA002637

Berger C., Meier K. J. S., Kinkel H., Baumann K. -H. (2014). Changes in calcification of coccoliths under stable atmospheric CO2. Biogeosciences, 11(4), 929-944. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-929-2014 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00291/40231/

Cherkashov G., Poroshina I., Stepanova T., Ivanov V., Bel'Tenev V., Lazareva L., Rozhdestvenskaya I., Samovarov M., Shilov V., Glasby G. P., Fouquet Yves, Kuznetsov V. (2010). Seafloor Massive Sulfides from the Northern Equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge: New Discoveries and Perspectives. Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 28(3), 222-239. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1080/1064119X.2010.483308 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00013/12413/

Ondreas Helene, Fouquet Yves, Voisset Michel, Radford-Knoery Joel (1997). Detailed Study of Three Contiguous Segments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, South of the Azores (37º N to 38º30 N), Using Acoustic Imaging Coupled with Submersible Observations. Marine Geophysical Researches, 19(3), 231-255. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004230708943

Références des publications parues dans d'autres revues ou des ouvrages scientifiques faisant référence dans la discipline

Auffret Gerard, Richter Thomas, Reyss Jean-Louis, Organo Catherine, Deloule Etienne, Gaillard Jean-François, Dennielou Bernard , Muller Carla, Thomas Bertrand, Watremez Pierre, Grousset Francis, Boelaert An, Cambon Pierre, Etoubleau Joel (1996). Enregistrement de l'activité hydrothermale dans les sédiments de la dorsale médio-atlantique au Sud des Açores. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Serie II Fascicule A-sciences de la Terre et des Planetes, 323(7), 583-590.

Références des rapports techniques

Dyment Jérôme, Lallier François, Le Bris Nadine, Rouxel Olivier , Sarradin Pierre-Marie , Lamare Sylvain, Coumert Coralie, Morineaux Marie, Tourolle Julie (2014). Les impacts environnementaux de l’exploitation des ressources minérales marines profondes. Expertise scientifique collective. Rapport, CNRS – Ifremer, 937 p. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00872/98434/

(1993) GEOFAR I.

Ifremer (1993). Compte-rendu de campagne. GEOFAR.

Thèses ayant utilisé les données de la campagne

Respschläger Janne (2013). Impact of deglacial and Holocene AMOC changes on the mixed layer and deepwater hydrography of the subtropical North Atlantic / Auswirkungen deglazialer und holozäner AMOC Veränderungen auf die Oberflächen- und Tiefenwasserhydrographie im subtropischen Nordatlantik. PhD Thesis, University of Kiel, Mathematics and Natural Sciences. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00493/60444/

Berger Christine (2013). Coccolithophore response to modern and past ocean acidification events. PhD Thesis, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61714/