CALADU_2021

Name: CALADU_2021
Start: 2021-07-06
End: 2021-07-24
Location: Mediterranean Sea, Western Basin

Type	Oceanographic cruise
Ship	Thalassa
Ship owner	Ifremer
Dates	06/07/2021 - 24/07/2021
Chief scientist(s)	FABRI Marie-Claire
	LABORATOIRE ENVIRONNEMENT RESSOURCES PROVENCE AZUR CORSE - LA SEYNE-SUR-MER Centre Ifremer Méditerranée Zone portuaire de Brégaillon CS 20330 83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer Cedex +33 (0)4 94 30 48 00 https://mediterranee.ifremer.fr/
DOI	10.17600/18001575
Objective	The CALADU-2021 cruise was dedicated to studying the distribution of coldwater corals at different scales. These corals are known for their status as Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems - VMEs - due to their life history traits (very slow growth) and their vulnerability to anthropogenic impacts (particularly to fishing). Two independent working scales will be considered, firstly the distribution at the scale of the Lacaze-Duthiers canyon to carry out the population mapping, but also at a larger scale which is that of understanding the evolution of the distribution over the course of geological times and different ice ages, between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic. The objective of this cruise was therefore twofold: (1) The main objective is to carry out detailed mapping of all VME populations with the aim of quantifying their status. For this a methodical and exhaustive acquisition was necessary. In addition to the mapping of structuring species (two species of corals Madrepora oculata and Lophelia pertusa (syn. Desmophyllum pertusum) which form three-dimensional colonies that serve as shelter and breeding ground for other species) and the census anthropogenic impacts (lost fishing gear), a census of the associated diversity will be carried out using photos in order to measure the state of the ecosystem. This objective supports Public Policies (in particular within the framework of the Framework Directive for the Strategy on the Marine Environment - MSFD). (2) The second objective of this cruise was to take samples of corals in order to enrich the available data on the distribution of their clonal and genomic diversity along their range from the Mediterranean to Norway and Iceland. A first cruise (CALADU_2019) took place in 2019, with the HROV Ariane on Europe, but bad weather conditions did not allow the expected program to be carried out: not enough sampling for the genetic part of the populations, and not enough data. for the study part of the canyon-wide distribution, but the technique could be validated. The opportunity to use an offshore vessel made it possible to complete and complete the sampling program.

Sea/Ocean

Mediterranean Sea, Western Basin

(Lacaze-Duthiers Canyon)

Ports

Port of departure : La Seyne-sur-Mer (France)

Port of return : La Seyne-sur-Mer (France)

Limits

North	South	West	East
42.9	42.2	2.8	4.0

Project

Clonix2D - The genetic consequences of partially clonal reproduction in populations colonizing new territories,Marine Strategy Framework Directive

Scientific Authority

LABORATOIRE ENVIRONNEMENT RESSOURCES PROVENCE AZUR CORSE - LA SEYNE-SUR-MER

Centre Ifremer Méditerranée

Zone portuaire de Brégaillon

83507 La Seyne-sur-Mer Cedex

+33 (0)4 94 30 48 00

https://mediterranee.ifremer.fr/

Participating bodie(s)

Ifremer Centre de Méditerranée

Discipline(s)

BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

Code	Label	Quantity	PI
D71	Current profiler (eg ADCP) Hull-mounted ADCP (38 kHz): Longitudinal transects on certain nights and transverse transects on other nights were carried out on the head of the Lacaze-Duthiers canyon (6 nights with a frequency of 5 seconds, 4 nights with a frequency of 1 second) - The ship's speed was 3 to 2 knots depending on the weather	100 hours	FABRI Marie-Claire
D90	Other physical oceanographic meas.	-	FABRI Marie-Claire
G051	Sampling by submersible Samples from the H-ROV Ariane made it possible to collect different species of corals - The dissections and conditioning carried out after each dive will allow, after the genomic analyzes, to have a good representativeness of the genetic heritage of the populations of the canyon - The two species M. oculata and L. pertusa (syn. D. pertusum) were collected, and the solitary species Desmophyllum dianthus was also collected on 2 dives	3 species	ARNAUD-HAOND Sophie
G08	Bottom photography Eight dives with the H-ROV Ariane and the exploration module, with the video cameras and the still camera made it possible to validate the presence of corals, the examination of the photos and videos will allow the recognition of the different species in certain places and thus the mapping of their distribution - From one species to another the distribution is different, and depends on the hydrological and environmental conditions	40 hours	FABRI Marie-Claire
G73	Single-beam echosounding	-	FABRI Marie-Claire
G74	Multi-beam echosounding A MultiBeam EchoSounder (MBES) data acquisition at the Lacaze-Duthiers canyon scale was carried out using the Thalassa ship's hull- mounted sounders (EM2040 and EM304) in order to obtain a detailed bathymetric map of the canyon as a whole - In addition, three dives with the H-ROV Ariane and the mapping module, with the multibeam sounder (Em2040) installed at 45 ° enabled the acquisition of acoustic data for the mapping of geological structures on the sides of the canyon	50 hours	FABRI Marie-Claire
G75	Single channel seismic reflection	-	FABRI Marie-Claire
G90	Other geosciences meas. CHIRP-SUBOP : A round trip in the canyon axis with a sediment sounder was attempted, but it was not successful because the canyon is too deep, there was echo on the data	3 hours	FABRI Marie-Claire
H10	CTD stations CTD profiles (SBE19) were carried out on days that did not allow diving to be planned (bad weather, or when the ROV module was changed): three longitudinal transects on the 07/13/2021 (14 stations and one test) and one longitudinal transect (canyon axis) on the 07/20/2021 (5 stations)	20 stations	FABRI Marie-Claire
H71	Surface measurements underway (T,S)	-	FABRI Marie-Claire
M06	Routine standard measurements	-	FABRI Marie-Claire

Positionning system

Geodetic system : WORLD GEODETIC SYSTEM 1984 = WGS84

Positioning system : GPS cinématique

Data managed by SISMER

Dives

Related number	Absolute number	Vehicle	Date	Location
1	186	HROV ARIANE	20210709 08:19:5309/07/2021 08:19:53	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
2	187	HROV ARIANE	20210710 12:04:4310/07/2021 12:04:43	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
3	188	HROV ARIANE	20210711 08:04:4011/07/2021 08:04:40	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
4	189	HROV ARIANE	20210712 06:26:3412/07/2021 06:26:34	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
5	190	HROV ARIANE	20210715 08:23:4815/07/2021 08:23:48	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
6	191	HROV ARIANE	20210716 07:49:3516/07/2021 07:49:35	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
7	192	HROV ARIANE	20210717 08:02:4117/07/2021 08:02:41	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
8	193	HROV ARIANE	20210718 07:50:3418/07/2021 07:50:34	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
9	194	HROV ARIANE	20210719 07:04:0819/07/2021 07:04:08	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
10	195	HROV ARIANE	20210720 12:46:3620/07/2021 12:46:36	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
11	196	HROV ARIANE	20210721 08:29:4921/07/2021 08:29:49	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E
12	197	HROV ARIANE	20210722 07:06:1822/07/2021 07:06:18	42° 30.500' N 3° 21.250' E

Bibliography

Publications

de Bettignies Thibaut, Van Den Beld Inge, Janson Anne-Laure, Fabri Marie-Claire , Menot Lenaick , Lartaud Franck, Le Bris Nadine, Paquignon Guillaume, Robert Alexandre, Boyé Aurélien (2024). Bilan des connaissances sur les récifs du bathyal et évaluation de l’état de conservation de l’habitat d’intérêt communautaire Récifs dans les eaux françaises hexagonales. Naturae, 2024(8), 143-177. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5852/naturae2024a8 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00888/100024/

References of Technical Reports

Gaillot Arnaud (2024). CALADU_2021. Traitement des données SMF coque et engin. ASTI-2024-331.

Dreidemy Jeanne (2023). Modélisation d’habitat des coraux d’eau froide dans le canyon de Lacaze-Duthiers, Golfe du Lion, Méditerranée occidentale. Rapport de stage de Master en Sciences de la Mer, parcours Interactions biotiques et Perturbations Anthropiques en environnement marin, Université de Toulon.

Fabri Marie-Claire , Morineaux Marie (2023). Séquences vidéo du canyon Lacaze-Duthiers (Méditerranée) pour le Musée-Aquarium de Banyuls sur Mer (Biodiversarium). Campagne CALADU-2021, Plongée 190-05 le 15 Juillet 2021. ODE/UL/LER-PAC 22-03. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00837/94941/

Boyé Aurélien , Robert Alexandre, Janson Anne-Laure, Beauvais Sophie, Dedieu Karine (2023). Évaluation de l’état écologique des habitats benthiques en France métropolitaine au titre de la DCSMM. Rapport scientifique pour l’évaluation 2024 (cycle 3) du Bon État Écologique au titre du descripteur 1 – « Habitats Benthiques » de la DCSMM. Ifremer-PatriNat-OFB, 640 pages. https://doi.org/10.13155/97882

Fabri Marie-Claire , Tourolle Julie , Menot Lenaick (2022). Séquences vidéo des coraux des canyons méditerranéens pour l’exposition Grands Fonds à Océanopolis. ODE / UL / LER-PAC 22-03. https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00766/87807/

Fabri Marie-Claire , Lubin Patrice, Bourret Gerard (2021). Découverte d’une épave dans le canyon de Lacaze-Duthiers (Campagne CALADU_2021). ODE / UL / LER-PAC 21-03.

Fabri Marie-Claire , Arnaud-Haond Sophie (2021). Rapport scientifique de la campagne CALADU‐2021 sur le N/O Thalassa (avec le ROV Ariane). ODE / UL / LER-PAC 21-04. https://doi.org/10.13155/84585

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